Rhynchosia americana |
Rhynchosia swartzii |
|
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American snoutbean |
swartz's snoutbean |
|
Habit | Herbs or subshrubs. | |
Stems | procumbent, trailing, or twining, villous or villosulous, hairs silvery, spreading. |
trailing or twining, gland-dotted, soft-hirsute, hairs silvery. |
Leaves | usually unifoliolate, distalmost rarely trifoliolate; stipules persistent, ovate-lanceolate, 2–5 × 1–2.5 mm, apex acuminate; petiole 10–45 mm, villosulous; leaflet blades suborbiculate to reniform, 15–40 × 20–55 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base cordate, apex broadly rounded, surfaces villosulous abaxially, rugose and finely strigose adaxially. |
trifoliolate; stipules persistent, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, 3–4 × 0.5–1.5 mm, acuminate, surfaces hirtellous; petiole 10–60 mm, hirsute; leaflet blades ovate, 20–60 × 15–45 mm, membranous, gland-dotted abaxially, base obtuse, rounded, or truncate, apex acute or long-acuminate, surfaces hirsute abaxially, glabrous or hirsute adaxially. |
Inflorescences | racemes, shorter than leaves, 1.5–5 cm. |
racemes, longer than leaves, 1–6 cm. |
Pedicels | 2–5 mm. |
filiform, 2–4 mm, viscid. |
Flowers | calyx 7–13 mm, villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 6–10 mm, adaxials 2–4 mm; corolla yellow, often tinged brown; banner obovate, 8.5–10 × 6.5–7.5 mm, emarginate, puberulous; wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–7.7 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; keel 8–9 × 3–3.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 7.5–8.5 mm. |
calyx 3.5–5 mm, hirsute-viscid, tube 2.5–5 mm, lobes broadly lanceolate, laterals 1.5–2 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellow; banner obovate, 5–8 × 3–4.5 mm, marginate, puberulent, gland-dotted; wings oblong, 4–5 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous; keel 4.5–5 × 2-2.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 3.5–5 mm. |
Legumes | oblong-ovoid, compressed, 10–15 × 5–8 mm, villosulous. |
brown, acinaciform, compressed, 25–40 × 5–9 mm, tapered toward base, densely puberulent, hairs long, scattered. |
Seeds | brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–3.5 mm. |
brown to red, reniform, barely compressed, 4–6 × 3–3.5 mm. |
Vines | , herbaceous. |
|
2n | = 22. |
|
Rhynchosia americana |
Rhynchosia swartzii |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Sandy soils, prairies, fields, oak woodlands, roadsides, sand dunes. | Sandy soils, hammocks, thickets, open woods, pastures, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) |
Distribution |
TX; Mexico (Chiapas, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) |
FL; s Mexico; West Indies (Bahamas, Greater Antilles) |
Discussion | In Texas, Rhynchosia americana occurs in coastal and southern counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the flora area, Rhynchosia swartzii is found in Miami-Dade and Monroe counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lathyrus americanus, Glycine menispermoides, Phaseolus menispermoideus, R. menispermoidea | Dolicholus swartzii, R. gundlachii |
Name authority | (Miller) Metz: Catholic Univ. Amer., Biol. Ser. 16: 126. (1934) | (Vail) Urban: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 320. (1918) |
Web links |