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American snoutbean

small-leaf snoutbean

Habit Herbs.
Stems

procumbent, trailing, or twining, villous or villosulous, hairs silvery, spreading.

prostrate or twining, tomentulose, hairs silvery or grayish.

Leaves

usually unifoliolate, distalmost rarely trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, ovate-lanceolate, 2–5 × 1–2.5 mm, apex acuminate;

petiole 10–45 mm, villosulous;

leaflet blades suborbiculate to reniform, 15–40 × 20–55 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base cordate, apex broadly rounded, surfaces villosulous abaxially, rugose and finely strigose adaxially.

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, subulate, 1–2 × 0.5–1 mm, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces tomentulose;

petiole 4–30 mm, tomentulose;

leaflet blades obovate or elliptic-lanceolate, 10–45 × 5–20 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse, apex usually rounded or obtuse, rarely acuminate, surfaces strongly reticulate and densely grayish tomentulose abaxially, densely grayish tomentulose adaxially.

Inflorescences

racemes, shorter than leaves, 1.5–5 cm.

racemes, shorter than or equal to leaves, 2–6 cm.

Pedicels

2–5 mm.

2–4 mm, viscid.

Flowers

calyx 7–13 mm, villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 6–10 mm, adaxials 2–4 mm;

corolla yellow, often tinged brown;

banner obovate, 8.5–10 × 6.5–7.5 mm, emarginate, puberulous;

wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–7.7 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

keel 8–9 × 3–3.5 mm, glabrous;

stamens 7.5–8.5 mm.

calyx 5–7 mm, tomentose, viscid, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 4–5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 2.5–5 mm;

corolla pale yellow;

banner suborbiculate, 8–10 × 6–7 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted;

wings oblong, 8–9 × 2.5–3 mm, glabrous;

keel 8–9.5 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

stamens 8–10 mm.

Legumes

oblong-ovoid, compressed, 10–15 × 5–8 mm, villosulous.

ellipsoid, compressed, 15–17 × 4–6 mm, yellow-hirsute and puberulent, hairs intermixed.

Seeds

brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–3.5 mm.

brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-ellipsoid, compressed, 2.5–4 × 2.5–3 mm;

hilum linear, 1–1.5 mm.

Vines

, herbaceous.

2n

= 22.

Rhynchosia americana

Rhynchosia parvifolia

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Sandy soils, prairies, fields, oak woodlands, roadsides, sand dunes. Sandy pinelands and grasslands, limestone, trails, roads, beaches.
Elevation 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chiapas, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; West Indies (Greater Antilles)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In Texas, Rhynchosia americana occurs in coastal and southern counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In the flora area, Rhynchosia parvifolia is found in Miami-Dade and Monroe counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia
Sibling taxa
R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
Synonyms Lathyrus americanus, Glycine menispermoides, Phaseolus menispermoideus, R. menispermoidea Dolicholus parvifolius, Leucopterum parvifolium
Name authority (Miller) Metz: Catholic Univ. Amer., Biol. Ser. 16: 126. (1934) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 385. (1825)
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