Rhynchosia americana |
Rhynchosia parvifolia |
|
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American snoutbean |
small-leaf snoutbean |
|
Habit | Herbs. | |
Stems | procumbent, trailing, or twining, villous or villosulous, hairs silvery, spreading. |
prostrate or twining, tomentulose, hairs silvery or grayish. |
Leaves | usually unifoliolate, distalmost rarely trifoliolate; stipules persistent, ovate-lanceolate, 2–5 × 1–2.5 mm, apex acuminate; petiole 10–45 mm, villosulous; leaflet blades suborbiculate to reniform, 15–40 × 20–55 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base cordate, apex broadly rounded, surfaces villosulous abaxially, rugose and finely strigose adaxially. |
trifoliolate; stipules persistent, subulate, 1–2 × 0.5–1 mm, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces tomentulose; petiole 4–30 mm, tomentulose; leaflet blades obovate or elliptic-lanceolate, 10–45 × 5–20 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse, apex usually rounded or obtuse, rarely acuminate, surfaces strongly reticulate and densely grayish tomentulose abaxially, densely grayish tomentulose adaxially. |
Inflorescences | racemes, shorter than leaves, 1.5–5 cm. |
racemes, shorter than or equal to leaves, 2–6 cm. |
Pedicels | 2–5 mm. |
2–4 mm, viscid. |
Flowers | calyx 7–13 mm, villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 6–10 mm, adaxials 2–4 mm; corolla yellow, often tinged brown; banner obovate, 8.5–10 × 6.5–7.5 mm, emarginate, puberulous; wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–7.7 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; keel 8–9 × 3–3.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 7.5–8.5 mm. |
calyx 5–7 mm, tomentose, viscid, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 4–5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 2.5–5 mm; corolla pale yellow; banner suborbiculate, 8–10 × 6–7 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted; wings oblong, 8–9 × 2.5–3 mm, glabrous; keel 8–9.5 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 8–10 mm. |
Legumes | oblong-ovoid, compressed, 10–15 × 5–8 mm, villosulous. |
ellipsoid, compressed, 15–17 × 4–6 mm, yellow-hirsute and puberulent, hairs intermixed. |
Seeds | brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–3.5 mm. |
brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-ellipsoid, compressed, 2.5–4 × 2.5–3 mm; hilum linear, 1–1.5 mm. |
Vines | , herbaceous. |
|
2n | = 22. |
|
Rhynchosia americana |
Rhynchosia parvifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Sandy soils, prairies, fields, oak woodlands, roadsides, sand dunes. | Sandy pinelands and grasslands, limestone, trails, roads, beaches. |
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.) |
Distribution |
TX; Mexico (Chiapas, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) |
FL; West Indies (Greater Antilles) |
Discussion | In Texas, Rhynchosia americana occurs in coastal and southern counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In the flora area, Rhynchosia parvifolia is found in Miami-Dade and Monroe counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lathyrus americanus, Glycine menispermoides, Phaseolus menispermoideus, R. menispermoidea | Dolicholus parvifolius, Leucopterum parvifolium |
Name authority | (Miller) Metz: Catholic Univ. Amer., Biol. Ser. 16: 126. (1934) | de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 385. (1825) |
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