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American snoutbean

royal snoutbean

Habit Herbs or subshrubs.
Stems

procumbent, trailing, or twining, villous or villosulous, hairs silvery, spreading.

erect and wiry, villosulous to puberulent, hairs silvery.

Leaves

usually unifoliolate, distalmost rarely trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, ovate-lanceolate, 2–5 × 1–2.5 mm, apex acuminate;

petiole 10–45 mm, villosulous;

leaflet blades suborbiculate to reniform, 15–40 × 20–55 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base cordate, apex broadly rounded, surfaces villosulous abaxially, rugose and finely strigose adaxially.

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, linear, 1 × 0.5 mm, apex acuminate;

petiole 1–3 mm, puberulent;

leaflet blades elliptic, 5–20 × 4–10 mm, leathery, gland-dotted abaxially, base cuneate, margins revolute, apex acute to obtuse, frequently apiculate, surfaces puberulent abaxially, finely strigose adaxially.

Inflorescences

racemes, shorter than leaves, 1.5–5 cm.

1(2 or 3) simple flowers per axil, longer than leaves, 0.7–1.5 cm.

Pedicels

2–5 mm.

3–5 mm.

Flowers

calyx 7–13 mm, villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 6–10 mm, adaxials 2–4 mm;

corolla yellow, often tinged brown;

banner obovate, 8.5–10 × 6.5–7.5 mm, emarginate, puberulous;

wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–7.7 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

keel 8–9 × 3–3.5 mm, glabrous;

stamens 7.5–8.5 mm.

calyx 5–8 mm, hirtellous, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 4.5–5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 1–1.5 mm;

corolla yellow, veined purple;

banner obovate to orbiculate, 8–10 × 7–10 mm, emarginate, glabrous;

wings narrowly oblong, 8.5–10 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

keel 9–10 × 4–5 mm, glabrous;

stamens 10–12 mm.

Legumes

oblong-ovoid, compressed, 10–15 × 5–8 mm, villosulous.

oblong or oblong-lanceoloid, compressed, 10–20 × 5–9 mm, puberulent.

Seeds

brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–3.5 mm.

brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 2–3 × 2–3 mm;

hilum ovate, 0.5–1 mm.

Vines

, herbaceous.

2n

= 22.

Rhynchosia americana

Rhynchosia cytisoides

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Sandy soils, prairies, fields, oak woodlands, roadsides, sand dunes. Sandy soils of pinehills, fields, oak woodlands, roadsides, sand dunes.
Elevation 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chiapas, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; MS
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In Texas, Rhynchosia americana occurs in coastal and southern counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rhynchosia galactoides (Nuttall) Endlicher ex Walpers is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia
Sibling taxa
R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
Synonyms Lathyrus americanus, Glycine menispermoides, Phaseolus menispermoideus, R. menispermoidea Lespedeza cytisoides, Pitcheria galactoides, R. pitcheria
Name authority (Miller) Metz: Catholic Univ. Amer., Biol. Ser. 16: 126. (1934) (Bertoloni) Wilbur: Rhodora 64: 60. (1962)
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