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black jetbead, jetbead

Habit Shrubs or trees, sometimes subshrubs or herbs.
Stems

reddish brown.

Leaves

stipules 2–3.5 mm, membranous, margins strongly sericeous;

petiole 3–10 mm;

blade weakly bicolored, narrowly to broadly ovate, 4.5–7.5(–10) × 2–4(–6.5) cm, base rounded to broadly cuneate, plicate between impressed veins, apex acuminate, abaxial surface more strongly sericeous, hairs 0.1–0.2 mm.

alternate, sometimes opposite, simple, sometimes pinnately compound;

stipules present or absent.

Pedicels

6–13 mm (to 30 mm and expanding in fruit).

Flowers

epicalyx bractlets linear-lanceolate, leafy, 2.5–5 × 1 mm;

sepals 8–15(–18) mm, thickened basally, distally leafy, fimbriate-serrate, acuminate, sericeous-strigose;

petals spreading, 17–22 mm, margins entire-erose;

stamens in several series mostly at sepal bases, rarely onto torus, filaments white, 4–6 mm, anthers yellow, 0.5–0.7 mm;

torus 2–2.5 mm, interior densely sericeous-strigose, exterior glabrous;

styles linear.

torus absent or minute;

carpels 1–5(–8), distinct or +/- connate (Maleae), free or +/- adnate to hypanthium (many Maleae), styles distinct or +/- connate (some Maleae);

ovules (1 or)2(–5+), collateral, clustered, or biseriate.

Fruits

follicles aggregated or not, capsules, drupes aggregated or not, aggregated drupelets, pomes, or aggregated nutlets, rarely achenes or aggregated achenes;

styles persistent or deciduous, not elongate (elongate in Gillenieae).

x

= 8, 9, 15, 17.

2n

= 18.

Rhodotypos scandens

Rosaceae subfam. amygdaloideae

Phenology Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Jun–Sep.
Habitat Mesic disturbed woods and thickets, especially in suburban areas
Elevation 0–300 m (0–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; Asia (China, Japan, Korea) [Introduced in North America]
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from FNA
HI; North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; Europe; Asia; Africa; Atlantic Islands (Madeira); Australia
Discussion

Rhodotypos scandens is expected elsewhere in North America. It is widely cultivated in Japan and infrequently in North America and Europe.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cyanogenic glycosides are usually present in Amygdaloideae; sorbitol is present.

The name Amygdaloideae Arnott (1832) has priority over Spiraeoideae Arnott (1832), used by D. Potter et al. (2007), because Amygdalaceae (1820) is an earlier conserved name.

Tribes 9, genera 55, species ca. 1300 (9 tribes, 38 genera, 361 species, including 20 hybrids, in the flora)

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 387. FNA vol. 9, p. 345. Author: Luc Brouillet.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Kerrieae > Rhodotypos Rosaceae
Subordinate taxa
Synonyms Corchorus scandens, Kerria tetrapetala, R. kerrioides, R. tetrapetala
Name authority (Thunberg) Makino: Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 126. (1913) Arnott: Botany, 107. (1832)
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