Rhododendron minus |
Rhododendron catawbiense |
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Piedmont rhododendron |
Catawba rhododendron, Catawba rosebay, mountain rosebay, purple laurel |
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Habit | Shrubs, to 3(–5) mm, often rhizomatous. | Shrubs or trees, to 3.5(–6) m, sometimes rhizomatous. | ||||
Stems | bark smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding; twigs with ferrugineous, multicellular, broad-rimmed, glandular-peltate scales. |
bark smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding; twigs multicellular eglandular-hairy (hairs branched basally, crisp/matted), glabrate in age. |
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Leaves | persistent; petiole with ferruginous, broad-rimmed, glandular-peltate scales and unicellular-hairy; blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic or oval, sometimes obovate, (1–)5–8(–13) × (1–)2–3.5(–5.5) cm, thick, coriaceous, margins entire, plane to conspicuously revolute, with scattered, glandular-peltate scales, apex acute or acuminate or obtuse to rounded, surfaces with scattered, ferruginous, broad-rimmed, glandular-peltate scales abaxially, (scales ± deciduous adaxially). |
persistent; petiole multicellular-hairy (hairs ± branched), often glabrescent; blade elliptic to obovate or slightly ovate, (5–)6–12(–17) × (2.5–)3.5–6(–7.7) cm (length/width ratio 1.3–3.5), thick, coriaceous, margins entire, revolute to plane, glabrous or sparsely hairy along margins (hairs branched, ephemeral), apex rounded/mucronate to obtuse or acute, surfaces sparsely eglandular-hairy (hairs basally branched, crisped, quickly deciduous), abaxial surface minutely, obscurely papillose. |
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Inflorescences | 5–10-flowered; bracts similar to bud scales. |
12–20-flowered; bracts similar to bud scales. |
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Pedicels | 5–15 mm, with ferruginous scales. |
10–50 mm, sparsely to moderately multicellular eglandular-hairy (hairs ferruginous, branched, crisped), glabrate in age. |
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Flowers | opening before or after development of leaves, erect to horizontal, fragrant; calyx lobes 0.5–2 mm, with ferruginous scales; corolla dark to very pale pink or white, upper lobe usually with greenish spots, campanulate to funnelform, 15–37 mm, with scattered, ferruginous, peltate scales on outer surface, petals connate (for 3/4+ their lengths), lobes 8–19 mm, tube gradually expanding into lobes, 8–22 mm; stamens 10, included to slightly exserted, ± unequal, 13–26 mm. |
opening after development of leaves (of flowering shoots), erect to horizontal, fragrant; calyx lobes 0.5–1.7 mm, glabrous or eglandular-hairy; corolla deep pink to purple, rarely white, usually with yellowish-green spots on upper lobe, campanulate, 27–50 mm, glabrous on outer surface, petals connate, lobes 15–30 mm, tube gradually expanding into lobes, 12–28 mm; stamens 10, included, ± unequal, 19–39 mm; (ovary multicellular eglandular-hairy). |
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Capsules | borne on erect pedicels, 6–14 × 2.9–5 mm, with ferruginous, peltate scales. |
borne on erect pedicels, 10–23 × 3.5–7 mm, eglandular-hairy (hairs ferruginous, branched). |
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Seeds | with short, blunt/truncate tails at each end; testa closely appressed. |
without distinct tails, flattened portion of testa well developed at each end; testa expanded, dorsiventrally flattened, loose. |
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Floral | bud scales ferruginous-lepidote, sometimes also unicellular-hairy abaxially, margins unicellular-ciliate. |
bud scales multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy, eglandular-hairy (hairs basally branched, crisped), and unicellular-hairy (hairs short to elongate), margins eglandular-hairy (hairs branched). |
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2n | = 26. |
= 26. |
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Rhododendron minus |
Rhododendron catawbiense |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | |||||
Habitat | Rocky slopes, ridges, and balds | |||||
Elevation | 50-2000 m (200-6600 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; NC; SC; TN
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AL; GA; KY; NC; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Rhododendron minus is here circumscribed broadly, including R. carolinianum and R. chapmanii, and the latter is considered to be a distinct variety (W. H. Duncan and T. M. Pullen 1962). Variety chapmanii is federally listed. This species is often grown as an ornamental. Rhododendron minus and R. lapponicum are members of subg. Rhododendron, as indicated by their glandular-peltate scales; the subgenus is represented by hundreds of species in eastern and southern Asia (see J. Cullen 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Large-flowered, large-leaved plants of Rhododendron catawbiense from eastern North Carolina have been named forma insularis Coker. Rare hybrids with R. maximum have been reported by A. E. Radford et al. (1968) (R. ×wellesleyanum Waterer ex Rehder); we have seen no specimens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 460. | FNA vol. 8, p. 463. | ||||
Parent taxa | Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron | Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Michaux: J. Hist. Nat. 1: 412. 1792 , | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 258. (1803) | ||||
Web links |