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Rhododendron macrophyllum

big leaf rhododendron, California rhododendron, California rose bay, coast rhododendron, Pacific rhododendron, western rhododendron

pink-shell azalea

Habit Shrubs or trees, to 5 m, sometimes rhizomatous. Shrubs, to 2.5(–5.5) m, rhizomatous.
Stems

bark smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding;

twigs with basally branched, crisped/matted, eglandular hairs, very quickly glabrate.

bark smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding;

twigs sparsely to moderately scattered, multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy and eglandular-hairy (hairs unbranched), also unicellular-hairy, glabrate in age.

Leaves

persistent;

petiole glabrous;

blade elliptic to slightly ovate or obovate, (6–)8.5–14(–20) × 2.5–5.5(–7.5) cm, thick, coriaceous, margins entire, plane to revolute, glabrous, apex acute to obtuse or slightly acuminate, surfaces scattered eglandular-hairy (hairs branched basally, crisped, very quickly deciduous), abaxial surface ± smooth.

deciduous;

petiole multicellular eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy and unicellular-hairy;

blade elliptic to obovate, 2.3–17 × 0.8–5.5 cm, thin, membranous, margins entire or undulate, plane, widely scattered to densely eglandular-hairy, apex acuminate, abaxial surface scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy, adaxial surface scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy and eglandular-hairy, especially near margins.

Inflorescences

10–20-flowered;

bracts similar to bud scales.

5–15-flowered;

bracts similar to bud scales.

Pedicels

30–60 mm, glabrous.

5–26 mm, stipitate-glandular-hairy.

Flowers

opening after development of leaves (of flowering shoots), erect to horizontal, fragrant;

calyx lobes 1–1.5 mm, glabrous, except margins eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy;

corolla white to pink or rose-purple, with yellowish green spots on upper lobe, broadly campanulate, 24–48 mm, outer surface glabrous, petals connate, lobes 14–30 mm, tube gradually expanding into lobes, 10–23 mm;

stamens 10, included, ± unequal, 16–37 mm.

opening before development of leaves, erect to horizontal, fragrant;

calyx lobes 0.3–8.5 mm, glandular-ciliate, often also scattered, stipitate-glandular-hairy;

corolla pale to deep pink, sometimes white, with orange-brown or red spots on upper lobes, widely campanulate and appearing ± 2-lipped due to more extensive connation of 3 upper lobes and 2 flaring, slightly longer lower lobes, 18–37 mm, glabrous on outer surface, petals connate, upper lobe 10–18 mm, lateral lobes 14–24 mm, lower lobes 15–30 mm, tube gradually expanding into lobes, 3–8 mm (to 1/4 as long as lobes);

stamens (5–)7, not or only slightly exserted, ± unequal, 12–38 mm;

filaments glabrous.

Capsules

borne on erect pedicels, 13–25 × 4–7 mm, eglandular-hairy (hairs ferruginous, branched or unbranched) and, often, stipitate-glandular-hairy.

borne on erect pedicels, 9–17 × 3–6 mm, very sparsely to moderately multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy.

Seeds

without distinct tails, flattened portion of testa well developed at each end;

testa expanded, dorsiventrally flattened, loose.

with ± stellate-globular tails;

testa tightly appressed.

Floral

bud scales multicellular eglandular-hairy (hairs branched basally), and unicellular-hairy (hairs short to elongate) abaxially, margins eglandular-hairy (hairs branched).

bud scales glabrous or nearly so abaxially, stipitate-glandular-hairy, often also unicellular-hairy along margins.

2n

= 26.

= 26.

Rhododendron macrophyllum

Rhododendron vaseyi

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring.
Habitat Forest and forest margins, thickets Montane bogs, rocky summits, heath balds, steep slopes in deciduous or coniferous forests
Elevation 50-1600 m [160-5200 ft] 900-1800 m [3000-5900 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
NC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rhododendron macrophyllum, R. maximum, and R. catawbiense represent subg. Hymenanthes (Blume) K. Koch in North America; the subgenus is represented by hundreds of species in temperate eastern Asia and is characterized by its branched, eglandular hairs (D. F. Chamberlain 1982). These showy plants are frequently used as ornamentals.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rhododendron vaseyi is widely cultivated because of its beautiful flowers.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 462. Treatment authors: Walter S. Judd, Kathleen A. Kron. FNA vol. 8, p. 465. Treatment authors: Walter S. Judd, Kathleen A. Kron.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron
Sibling taxa
R. alabamense, R. albiflorum, R. arborescens, R. atlanticum, R. austrinum, R. calendulaceum, R. canadense, R. canescens, R. catawbiense, R. columbianum, R. cumberlandense, R. eastmanii, R. flammeum, R. groenlandicum, R. lapponicum, R. maximum, R. minus, R. occidentale, R. periclymenoides, R. prinophyllum, R. prunifolium, R. tomentosum, R. vaseyi, R. viscosum
R. alabamense, R. albiflorum, R. arborescens, R. atlanticum, R. austrinum, R. calendulaceum, R. canadense, R. canescens, R. catawbiense, R. columbianum, R. cumberlandense, R. eastmanii, R. flammeum, R. groenlandicum, R. lapponicum, R. macrophyllum, R. maximum, R. minus, R. occidentale, R. periclymenoides, R. prinophyllum, R. prunifolium, R. tomentosum, R. viscosum
Synonyms R. californicum Azalea vaseyi, Biltia vaseyi
Name authority D. Don ex G. Don: Gen. Hist. 3: 843. 1834 , A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 15: 48. 1879 ,
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