Rhododendron albiflorum |
Rhododendron canadense |
|
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Cascade azalea, white rhododendron, white-flower azalea, white-flower rhododendron |
Canada rosebay, rhodora |
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Habit | Shrubs, to 2.5 m, rhizomatous. | Shrubs, to 1 m, rhizomatous. |
Stems | bark ± smooth to furrowed; twigs multicellular eglandular-hairy (hairs unbranched) and unicellular-hairy. |
bark ± smooth to slightly shredding; twigs sparsely multicellular eglandular- and shorter stipitate-glandular-hairy (hairs unbranched), also unicellular-hairy. |
Leaves | deciduous; petiole multicellular eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy and unicellular-hairy; blade narrowly elliptic or ovate to obovate, 2–9 × 0.8–3 cm, thin, membranous to chartaceous, margins minutely serrate, plane, ciliate when young, eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy, apex acute to ± rounded, surfaces scattered eglandular-hairy, ± glabrescent. |
deciduous; petiole multicellular eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy and unicellular-hairy; blade elliptic to oblong or obovate, 1–8.3 × 0.4–3 cm, thin, membranous to chartaceous, margins entire, usually ± revolute, sometimes plane, eglandular- and unicellular-hairy, apex acute to rounded, abaxial surface eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy, also unicellular-hairy, (± glaucous), adaxial surface scattered eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy, also unicellular-hairy. |
Inflorescences | lateral (axillary, i.e., above leaf scars, spaced along shoots of previous year), fasciculate, 1–2-flowered; bracts similar to bud scales. |
sometimes fasciculate, 3–9-flowered; bracts similar to bud scales. |
Pedicels | to 9–15 mm, eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy. |
3–10 mm, (usually glaucous), usually sparsely stipitate-glandular-hairy, and sometimes also densely unicellular-hairy. |
Flowers | ± radially symmetric, opening soon after (and borne below) expanded leaves, pendulous, very fragrant (similar to vanilla and jasmine); calyx lobes 5–17 mm, eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy, margins glandular-hairy; corolla white, rarely marked with yellow, bowl-shaped, 9–22 mm, minutely unicellular-hairy or glabrous on outer surface, petals connate, lobes 6–15 mm, tube expanding into lobes, 3–9 mm; stamens 9(–12), included, ± unequal, 5.5–14 mm. |
appearing before or, sometimes, with leaves, erect to horizontal, fragrant; calyx lobes 0.4–1.5 mm, often scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy, sometimes also unicellular-hairy, margins glandular- and/or eglandular-ciliate; corolla rose-purple to pink, rarely white, unspotted or red-spotted on upper 3 lobes, irregularly shaped, clearly 2-lipped due to very extensive connation of 3 upper lobes contrasting with 2 elongate, widely divergent lower lobes, 12–22 mm, glabrous or, sometimes, sparsely stipitate-glandular-hairy on outer surface, petals connate, upper lobe 3–8 mm, lateral lobes 12–22 mm (closely connate with upper lobe), lower lobes 12–22 mm, tube absent due to deep division between 2 lower lobes and between lateral and lower lobes; stamens 10, exserted, ± unequal, 9–20 mm. |
Capsules | borne on erect pedicels, 6–8 × 5–6 mm, stipitate-glandular-, eglandular-, and unicellular-hairy. |
borne on erect pedicels, 0.7–1.7 × 0.3–0.6 mm, multicellular stipitate-glandular- and eglandular-hairy and densely unicellular-hairy. |
Seeds | with distinct tails; testa closely appressed. |
with flattened tails; testa tightly appressed. |
Floral | bud scales stipitate-glandular- and eglandular-hairy abaxially, margins stipitate-glandular-hairy. |
bud scales unicellular-hairy abaxially, and often stipitate-glandular- and eglandular-hairy, margins unicellular-hairy. |
2n | = 26. |
= 52. |
Rhododendron albiflorum |
Rhododendron canadense |
|
Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Coniferous forests, alpine thickets, stream banks, seeps on rock outcrops | Moist to dry, coniferous or mixed conifer-deciduous forests, thickets, open rocky areas, lake margins, bogs, swamps |
Elevation | 800-3500 m [2600-11500 ft] | 0-1900 m [0-6200 ft] |
Distribution |
CO; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
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CT; MA; ME; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
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Discussion | Rhododendron albiflorum is especially distinctive due to its axillary, white, somewhat pendulous, and nearly actinomorphic flowers, and it is placed in the monotypic subg. Candidastrum (Sleumer) Philipson & Philipson (W. R. Philipson and M. N. Philipson 1986). It is occasionally used as an ornamental. The disjunct population in Colorado has somewhat smaller calyx lobes and corollas and shorter stamens; it is sometimes recognized as var. warrenii (M. A. Lane et al. 1993). This variety is not recognized here because of the extent of morphological overlap between that population and those of the Pacific Northwest. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhododendron canadense is distinctive and is most closely related to R. vaseyi; together they constitute sect. Rhodora (Linnaeus) G. Don (W. S. Judd and K. A. Kron 1995). Rhododendron canadense is sometimes cultivated for its showy flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 464. | FNA vol. 8, p. 464. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Azaleastrum albiflorum, R. albiflorum var. warrenii | Rhodora canadensis |
Name authority | Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 43, plate 133. 1834 , | (Linnaeus) Torrey: in New York State, Rep. Geol. Surv., 151. 1841 , |
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