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Cascade azalea, white rhododendron, white-flower azalea, white-flower rhododendron

coastal azalea, dwarf azalea

Habit Shrubs, to 2.5 m, rhizomatous. Shrubs, to 0.5–1 m, very strongly rhizomatous.
Stems

bark ± smooth to furrowed;

twigs multicellular eglandular-hairy (hairs unbranched) and unicellular-hairy.

bark ± smooth, not shredding;

twigs scattered, multicellular eglandular-hairy (hairs unbranched) and/or stipitate-glandular-hairy, otherwise glabrous or, sometimes, sparsely unicellular-hairy.

Leaves

deciduous;

petiole multicellular eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy and unicellular-hairy;

blade narrowly elliptic or ovate to obovate, 2–9 × 0.8–3 cm, thin, membranous to chartaceous, margins minutely serrate, plane, ciliate when young, eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy, apex acute to ± rounded, surfaces scattered eglandular-hairy, ± glabrescent.

deciduous;

petiole multicellular eglandular- and/or stipitate-glandular-hairy, sometimes also unicellular-hairy;

blade ovate to obovate, 2–5.5(–6.5) × 0.8–2(–3) cm, thin, membranous to chartaceous, margins entire, plane, ciliate, eglandular-hairy, apex acute to obtuse, often mucronate, abaxial surface glabrous or, rarely, sparsely scattered eglandular-hairy, sometimes sparsely (rarely densely) unicellular-hairy, adaxial surface (lustrous to dull), glabrous or sparsely scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy, sometimes also sparsely unicellular-hairy.

Inflorescences

lateral (axillary, i.e., above leaf scars, spaced along shoots of previous year), fasciculate, 1–2-flowered;

bracts similar to bud scales.

4–13-flowered;

bracts similar to bud scales.

Pedicels

to 9–15 mm, eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy.

4–15(–20) mm, eglandular- and/or stipitate-glandular-hairy, otherwise glabrous or sparsely (rarely moderately) unicellular-hairy.

Flowers

± radially symmetric, opening soon after (and borne below) expanded leaves, pendulous, very fragrant (similar to vanilla and jasmine);

calyx lobes 5–17 mm, eglandular- and stipitate-glandular-hairy, margins glandular-hairy;

corolla white, rarely marked with yellow, bowl-shaped, 9–22 mm, minutely unicellular-hairy or glabrous on outer surface, petals connate, lobes 6–15 mm, tube expanding into lobes, 3–9 mm;

stamens 9(–12), included, ± unequal, 5.5–14 mm.

opening before or with leaves, erect to horizontal, usually very fragrant and/or nearly mephitic-scented;

calyx lobes 0.7–5.5(–10) mm, marginal and scattered stipitate-glandular- or, less commonly, eglandular-hairy, sometimes also unicellular-hairy;

corolla white, usually flushed pink or rose (especially on tube), without blotch on upper lobe, funnelform, 23–58 mm, scattered, usually conspicuous, multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy (hairs forming prominent band along middle of each lobe), otherwise glabrous or, sometimes, sparsely unicellular-hairy on outer surface, petals connate, lobes 8–24 mm, tube rather gradually expanded into lobes, 16–35 mm (equaling or longer than lobes);

stamens 5, much exserted, ± unequal, 32–63 mm.

Capsules

borne on erect pedicels, 6–8 × 5–6 mm, stipitate-glandular-, eglandular-, and unicellular-hairy.

borne on erect pedicels, 10–24 × 4–8 mm, usually densely stipitate-glandular-hairy, otherwise glabrous or densely unicellular-hairy.

Seeds

with distinct tails;

testa closely appressed.

without distinct tails, flattened portion of testa well developed at each end;

testa expanded, dorsiventrally flattened, ± loose.

Floral

bud scales stipitate-glandular- and eglandular-hairy abaxially, margins stipitate-glandular-hairy.

bud scales glabrous or densely unicellular-hairy abaxially, margins usually unicellular-ciliate.

2n

= 26.

= 26.

Rhododendron albiflorum

Rhododendron atlanticum

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer. Flowering spring.
Habitat Coniferous forests, alpine thickets, stream banks, seeps on rock outcrops Moist pine flatwoods and savannas, sometimes in drier pine and/or oak forests, primarily in fire-maintained communities of the Atlantic coastal plain
Elevation 800-3500 m [2600-11500 ft] 0-200 m [0-700 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
CO; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
DE; GA; MD; NC; PA; SC; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rhododendron albiflorum is especially distinctive due to its axillary, white, somewhat pendulous, and nearly actinomorphic flowers, and it is placed in the monotypic subg. Candidastrum (Sleumer) Philipson & Philipson (W. R. Philipson and M. N. Philipson 1986). It is occasionally used as an ornamental. The disjunct population in Colorado has somewhat smaller calyx lobes and corollas and shorter stamens; it is sometimes recognized as var. warrenii (M. A. Lane et al. 1993). This variety is not recognized here because of the extent of morphological overlap between that population and those of the Pacific Northwest.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties and forms have been described within Rhododendron atlanticum (see E. H. Wilson and A. J. Rehder 1921; K. A. Kron 1993). Hybrids between it and R. canescens and R. periclymenoides are known. Rhododendron atlanticum is easily confused with the sympatric R. viscosum, which generally is taller, less rhizomatous, hairier, larger-leaved, and later-flowering (i.e., flowers appear after the leaves have expanded).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 464. Treatment authors: Walter S. Judd, Kathleen A. Kron. FNA vol. 8, p. 468. Treatment authors: Walter S. Judd, Kathleen A. Kron.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron
Sibling taxa
R. alabamense, R. arborescens, R. atlanticum, R. austrinum, R. calendulaceum, R. canadense, R. canescens, R. catawbiense, R. columbianum, R. cumberlandense, R. eastmanii, R. flammeum, R. groenlandicum, R. lapponicum, R. macrophyllum, R. maximum, R. minus, R. occidentale, R. periclymenoides, R. prinophyllum, R. prunifolium, R. tomentosum, R. vaseyi, R. viscosum
R. alabamense, R. albiflorum, R. arborescens, R. austrinum, R. calendulaceum, R. canadense, R. canescens, R. catawbiense, R. columbianum, R. cumberlandense, R. eastmanii, R. flammeum, R. groenlandicum, R. lapponicum, R. macrophyllum, R. maximum, R. minus, R. occidentale, R. periclymenoides, R. prinophyllum, R. prunifolium, R. tomentosum, R. vaseyi, R. viscosum
Synonyms Azaleastrum albiflorum, R. albiflorum var. warrenii Azalea atlantica
Name authority Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 43, plate 133. 1834 , (Ashe) Rehder: in E. H. Wilson and A. J. Rehder, Monogr. Azaleas, 147. 1921 ,
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