Flora of North America species comparison

dark red or reddish brown when old;

micronemata absent.

dark red to reddish brown or rarely black when old;

micronemata absent.

green to dark green, weakly contorted when dry, broadly obovate, elliptic, or often ± orbicular, (3.8–)4–6(–9) mm;

margins green or sometimes pale reddish, 1–4-stratose;

apex rounded, occasionally retuse, rarely short-apiculate;

costa ending well before apex to 7/8 leaf length or rarely subpercurrent;

medial laminal cells elongate or short-elongate, (60–)70–130(–170) µm, rarely collenchymatous, walls with broad central pits;

marginal cells linear or short-linear, in (1–)2(–3) rows.

reddish, reddish brown, or sometimes yellow-green or with golden hue, slightly to moderately contorted when dry, orbicular, broadly elliptic, or occasionally obovate, (1–)1.8–2.4(–3.8) mm;

margins reddish, brownish, or rarely green, 1-stratose;

apex rounded or occasionally retuse, not apiculate;

costa subpercurrent or rarely weakly percurrent;

medial laminal cells short-elongate or sometimes ± isodiametric, 45–65(–80) µm, collenchymatous, walls pitted;

marginal cells rhomboidal or rectangular, in 1–2(–3) rows.

1–2.5 cm.

1.5–2 cm.

dioicous.

dioicous.

ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm;

operculum conic-apiculate;

exostome yellow, lamellae 18+.

elliptic, 1.2–2 mm;

operculum conic;

exostome yellow, lamellae 18+.

25–35 µm.

25–30 µm.