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beak spiny polygala, desert milkwort, notch-beak milkwort

shrubby milkwort

Habit Subshrubs, multi-stemmed, mat-forming, 1–2.5 dm. Herbs, multi-stemmed, 0.3–3(–3.5) dm (rarely straggling to 10 dm).
Stems

prostrate to laxly erect, often glaucous, glabrous or pubescent, hairs spreading.

decumbent to erect, usually pubescent, rarely glabrous, hairs spreading or incurved.

Leaves

sessile;

blade ovate, elliptic, or obovate, 4–20 × 2–12 mm, base cuneate, rounded, or nearly clasping, apex acute or rounded, surfaces pubescent, hairs spreading.

subsessile to petiolate, petiole to 1(–1.5) mm;

blade elliptic to linear, lanceolate, ovate, obovate, or scalelike, (3–)4–41 × (0.5–)1–12(–18) mm, base rounded to cuneate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces pubescent or glabrous, hairs incurved or spreading.

Racemes

terminal, to 3.5(–5) × 1.5–3 cm;

rachis thorn-tipped;

peduncle 0.2–0.3 cm;

bracts deciduous, ovate, elliptic, or linear.

terminal, usually leaf-opposed, often also from near base of plant, these usually with chasmogamous flowers, occasionally bearing reduced, beakless cleistogamous or semi-cleistogamous flowers, rarely with cleistogamous or semi-cleistogamous flowers throughout, 1–12(–15) × 0.3–1.5 cm;

rachis not thorn-tipped;

peduncle 0–1 cm;

bracts usually persistent, ovate, lanceolate, or elliptic.

Pedicels

(3–)4–8(–9.5) mm, glabrous or pubescent.

1–4.5 mm, pubescent.

Flowers

pink, wings usually pink, keel distally yellow, (7.5–)9.5–13.5 mm;

sepals deciduous, elliptic to ovate, lower sepals mostly obovate, (2–)2.5–6 mm, pubescent;

wings obovate to elliptic-obovate, (6.5–)8–12.5 × (2.5–)3–5.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent;

keel (6–)7.5–11.2 mm, sac glabrous, beak oblong, with 1 or 2 prominent invaginations along abaxial side formed by sinuate excess tissue, (1.4–)2–4 × (0.6–)0.8–1.3 mm, glabrous.

usually pink to purple, rarely white, keel yellowish distally, wings pink or rose, (3.7–)4–7.4(–7.7) mm;

upper sepal persistent, other sepals deciduous, upper sepal ovate, 1.7–4.5(–5.2) mm, lower sepals lanceolate to obovate, (1.3–)1.6–3.5(–3.8) mm, pubescent or glabrous;

wings obovate to oblong-obovate, 3–6.4(–7.2) × (1.2–)1.4–3.2 mm, glabrous or pubescent;

keel (2.7–)3.1–6.2 mm, sac glabrous or with scattered hairs, beak linear (or bluntly rounded), (0–)0.5–2 × (0–)0.2–0.6 mm, glabrous or pubescent.

Capsules

ellipsoid-ovoid to obovoid, 4.2–7.8 × 3.7–7 mm, base cuneate to rounded, margins with very narrow and even wing, pubescent or glabrous.

ellipsoid, oblong, slightly ovoid, or obovoid, 3.3–6(–6.8) × 2–4 mm, base rounded to subtruncate, often oblique, margins with narrow wing or not winged, usually pubescent, rarely subglabrous.

Seeds

3–4.4 mm, most densely pubescent apically, proximal 1/2 sparsely and unevenly pubescent or glabrous;

aril 1.3–2.6 mm, lobes 1/4–1/2 length of seed.

2.8–4.3 mm, pubescent;

aril 0.7–2.5 mm, lobes to 3/4 length of seed.

2n

= 36(or 38).

Rhinotropis heterorhyncha

Rhinotropis lindheimeri

Phenology Flowering spring–early summer.
Habitat Sandy or gravelly open slopes and flats in desert scrub.
Elevation 900–1600 m. (3000–5200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV
[BONAP county map]
sw United States; sc United States; n Mexico
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rhinotropis heterorhyncha is known from the Funeral Mountains of Inyo County, California, in the Mojave Desert region, and from adjacent areas of southern Nevada.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 3 (2 in the flora).

Variety eucosma (S. F. Blake) T. Wendt is known from northern Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems usually with spreading hairs, hairs rarely somewhat crisped, mostly 0.3–0.5 mm; leaf blades usually elliptic, ovate, or obovate proximally, distally becoming narrowly so, venation usually prominently reticulate, surfaces pubescent (not glabrous); keel sacs glabrous or with scattered, spreading hairs proximally, hairs not incurved in distal 1/2.
var. lindheimeri
1. Stems usually with incurved hairs, hairs rarely irregularly spreading, 0.07–0.15 mm, rarely glabrous; leaf blades lanceolate, linear, or scalelike to elliptic, ovate, or obovate, venation usually not prominently reticulate (usually midvein prominent abaxially, occasionally reticulate), surfaces pubescent or glabrous; keel sacs glabrous or, rarely, with incurved hairs in distal 1/2.
var. parvifolia
Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Polygalaceae > Rhinotropis Polygalaceae > Rhinotropis
Sibling taxa
R. acanthoclada, R. californica, R. cornuta, R. intermontana, R. lindheimeri, R. maravillasensis, R. nitida, R. nudata, R. rimulicola, R. rusbyi, R. subspinosa
R. acanthoclada, R. californica, R. cornuta, R. heterorhyncha, R. intermontana, R. maravillasensis, R. nitida, R. nudata, R. rimulicola, R. rusbyi, R. subspinosa
Subordinate taxa
R. lindheimeri var. lindheimeri, R. lindheimeri var. parvifolia
Synonyms Polygala subspinosa var. heterorhyncha, P. heterorhyncha Polygalalindheimeri a.
Name authority (Barneby) J. R. Abbott: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5: 135. (2011) (A. Gray) J. R. Abbott: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5: 135. (2011)
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