Rhamnus pirifolia |
Rhamnus lanceolata |
|
---|---|---|
island redberry |
eastern lanceleaf buckthorn, lanceleaf buckthorn |
|
Habit | Shrubs to small trees, 2.5–6(–10) m, unarmed. | Shrubs, 0.5–2(–4) m, unarmed. |
Branchlets | purple to gray, glabrous or puberulent. |
greenish to gray, more than 5 cm, glabrous or sparsely to densely softly hirtellous and glabrescent. |
Leaves | persistent, alternate; petiole 5–10 mm; blade dull reddish to yellowish brown abaxially, usually shiny green adaxially, broadly elliptic to oblong or ovate-oblong, (1.5–)2–5(–6) cm, distinctly coriaceous, base cuneate to nearly truncate, margins blunt-serrate or entire, apex acute to rounded, apiculate, both surfaces glabrous; secondary veins 5–9 pairs, all diverging at nearly same angle. |
deciduous, alternate; petiole 3–8 mm; blade dull green abaxially, shiny darker green adaxially, lanceolate to elliptic, (3–)5–8 cm, herbaceous, base cuneate, margins finely crenulate or crenulate-serrate, apex acute to acuminate, both surfaces glabrous or hairy; secondary veins 4–5 pairs, all diverging at nearly same angle. |
Inflorescences | fascicles or flowers solitary. |
fascicles or flowers solitary. |
Pedicels | 3–6 mm. |
(1–)2–4 mm. |
Drupes | red, globose, 6–8 mm; stones 2. |
black, globose to subglobose, 5–7 mm; stones 2. |
Sepals | 4. |
4. |
Petals | 0. |
4. |
Rhamnus pirifolia |
Rhamnus lanceolata |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Jan–)Feb–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Steep slopes, canyon walls and bottoms, dunes, grasslands, coastal sage scrub, chaparral, pine woodlands. | Dry to moist thickets over calcareous rocks, seeps, rock outcrops, bottomlands. |
Elevation | 10–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | 50–1200 m. (200–3900 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
AL; AR; DE; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; OH; OK; PA; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV
|
Discussion | Rhamnus pirifolia is known in California on the Channel Islands and in Baja California on Guadalupe Island; it has not been implicated in hybridization with other members of the R. crocea complex. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plants of Rhamnus lanceolata with hirtellous-pubescent stems and leaves (subsp. lanceolata if given formal recognition; the type from Tennessee) are more restricted in distribution than glabrous plants, but the distinction often seems arbitrary. Densely hairy and glabrous plants both occur in Alabama and Tennessee. Plants with sparsely hairy leaves occur commonly in Kentucky and Illinois, rarely in Missouri and Iowa, and the density of the vestiture is variable. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 47. | FNA vol. 12, p. 49. |
Parent taxa | Rhamnaceae > Rhamnus | Rhamnaceae > Rhamnus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. crocea subsp. pirifolia, R. crocea var. pirifolia | R. lanceolata subsp. glabrata, R. lanceolata var. glabrata |
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 3: 15. (1896) | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 166. (1813) — (as lanceolatus) |
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