Rhamnus pirifolia |
Rhamnus alnifolia |
|
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island redberry |
alder buckthorn, alder leaf coffeeberry, alder-leaf buckthorn, American alder-buckthorn, dwarf alder, nerprun á feuilles d'aulne |
|
Habit | Shrubs to small trees, 2.5–6(–10) m, unarmed. | Shrubs, 0.5–1(–1.5) m, unarmed. |
Branchlets | purple to gray, glabrous or puberulent. |
gray to brown, glabrous or pubescent. |
Leaves | persistent, alternate; petiole 5–10 mm; blade dull reddish to yellowish brown abaxially, usually shiny green adaxially, broadly elliptic to oblong or ovate-oblong, (1.5–)2–5(–6) cm, distinctly coriaceous, base cuneate to nearly truncate, margins blunt-serrate or entire, apex acute to rounded, apiculate, both surfaces glabrous; secondary veins 5–9 pairs, all diverging at nearly same angle. |
deciduous, alternate; petiole 5–15 mm; blade dark green to olive green on both surfaces, lanceolate-oblong to elliptic or lanceolate-ovate, 4.5–11 cm, herbaceous, base cuneate to rounded, truncate, or subcordate, margins crenate to crenate-serrate, apex obtuse to acute or acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous or puberulent along veins, adaxial surface glabrous or glabrate; secondary veins (4–)5–7 pairs, all diverging at nearly same angle. |
Inflorescences | fascicles or flowers solitary. |
fascicles or flowers solitary. |
Pedicels | 3–6 mm. |
2–10 mm. |
Drupes | red, globose, 6–8 mm; stones 2. |
black, globose or slightly elongate, 6–8 mm; stones 3. |
Sepals | 4. |
5. |
Petals | 0. |
0. |
Rhamnus pirifolia |
Rhamnus alnifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Jan–)Feb–Jun. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Steep slopes, canyon walls and bottoms, dunes, grasslands, coastal sage scrub, chaparral, pine woodlands. | Fens and swamps, generally calcareous, riparian thickets, interdunal swales, shore lines, marshes and mats, wet meadow edges, outcrops, deciduous and coniferous forests. |
Elevation | 10–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | 10–2700 m. (0–8900 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK
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Discussion | Rhamnus pirifolia is known in California on the Channel Islands and in Baja California on Guadalupe Island; it has not been implicated in hybridization with other members of the R. crocea complex. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhamnus alnifolia is a primary host for the soybean aphid. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 47. | FNA vol. 12, p. 49. |
Parent taxa | Rhamnaceae > Rhamnus | Rhamnaceae > Rhamnus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. crocea subsp. pirifolia, R. crocea var. pirifolia | |
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 3: 15. (1896) | L'Héritier: Sert. Angl., 3. (1789) — (as alnifolius) |
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