Reseda alba |
Reseda lutea |
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mignonette-blanche, réséda blanc, white mignonette, white upright mignonette |
wild mignonette, yellow mignonette, yellow or wild or cutleaf mignonette, yellow upright mignonette |
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Habit | Plants annual or biennial (perennial), 30–90 cm, glabrous. | Plants annual or perennial, 30–80 cm, glabrous, papillose-scabrid, or hirtellous. |
Stems | erect, usually branched. |
erect or ascendent, branched. |
Leaves | (cauline shorter distally); blade ovate to ovate-oblong, pinnatisect (lobes 4–15 pairs, lanceolate-oblong), 3–15 × 3–5 cm, (base attenuate), margins entire or repand to raggedly toothed, surfaces glabrous. |
blade obovate, 4–10 × 1–2.5 cm, margins entire or ternately to biternately lobed (lobes 1–3 pairs, narrow-oblong or lanceolate-linear, margins flat or repand), surfaces scabrous or glabrous. |
Racemes | (dense) 20–40 cm; bracts persistent, lanceolate-linear, 3–3.5 mm. |
10–20(–50) cm; bracts caducous, oblong-linear, 2–4 mm. |
Pedicels | 2–8 mm. |
3–7 mm. |
Flowers | sepals persistent, 5(–6), not reflexed in fruit, lanceolate-linear, 2–2.5 mm; petals 5(–6), white, (3.5–)4–6 mm, subrounded-clawed, adaxial ones 3-lobed; stamens 10–14; filaments persistent, 2–3.5 mm, glabrous; intrastaminal nectary-discs papillose; anthers 1–2 mm; placenta entire. |
(rarely polygamous); sepals persistent or tardily deciduous, (5–)6, not reflexed in fruit, linear-oblong, 3–4 mm; petals (5–)6, yellow, 2–5 mm, rounded-clawed, adaxial ones trisect, lateral lobes semilunate or falcate, margins entire or incised; stamens (12–)14–18; filaments deciduous, 1.5–3 mm, scabrid-papillose; intrastaminal nectary-discs pilose; anthers 0.9–1.5 mm; placenta entire. |
Capsules | erect, 4-carpelled, cylindric to ovoid-oblong, 8–14 × 4–6 mm, apically 4-toothed, glabrous or ribs papillose. |
usually erect, 3-carpelled, cylindric or ovoid to subglobose, 7–15 × 4–6 mm, apically 3-toothed, glabrous or papillose, ribs scabrid. |
Seeds | 1–1.3 mm, dull, finely papillose. |
1.4–2 mm, glossy, smooth (carunculate). |
2n | = 40. |
= 48. |
Reseda alba |
Reseda lutea |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug(-Nov). | Flowering (Apr-)May–Sep. |
Habitat | Muddy shores, dunes, waste places, railroad ballasts, roadsides, basic soils | Grasslands, pastures, gravelly or shaley slopes, railroads, roadsides, mortared crevices in stone walls, disturbed areas, ballast ground, agricultural fields, usually on basic soils |
Elevation | 0-800 m (0-2600 ft) | 0-1500 (-2500) m (0-4900 (-8200) ft) |
Distribution |
AR; CA; CT; DE; IL; KS; MA; ME; MI; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; VT; WA; BC; MB; ON; QC; SK; s Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, s Africa, Australia]
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AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; IA; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MT; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; UT; VT; WI; WV; WY; BC; MB; ON; SK; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, c Asia, s Africa, Australia]
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Discussion | In Australia, Reseda lutea is considered an invasive introduction that causes damage to crops; research is being carried on for means to control its expansion. It has been used as a dye plant, to a lesser extent than R. luteola. It has been found to have antibacterial activity against some pathogens. There is also potential utility for phytoremediation in soils contaminated with copper. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 192. | FNA vol. 7, p. 192. |
Parent taxa | Resedaceae > Reseda | Resedaceae > Reseda |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 449. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 449. (1753) |
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