Flora of North America species comparison

leaves erect-spreading when moist, broadly ovate to cordate-deltoid;

margins loosely revolute proximally, plane distally;

apex narrowly long-acuminate;

laminal cells 5–6 µm, papillae 3–6.

and branch leaves strongly differentiated;

margins serrulate to crenulate ± throughout;

costa single;

alar cells not or poorly differentiated;

laminal cells quadrate to short-rectangular, 1- or multipapillose on both surfaces or only abaxially, walls firm.;

stem leaves usually spreading when moist, usually broadly ovate, concave;

margins plane or recurved;

apex acuminate;

costa strong, ending in acumen to ± excurrent.

appressed when dry, erect-spreading when moist, 0.4 mm;

apex acute;

costa pellucid proximally;

laminal cells 5–6 µm, papillae 4–6;

apical cell truncate, multipapillose.

usually spreading, ovate to oblong-ovate, smaller than stem leaves;

margins usually plane;

apex usually gradually acuminate to obtuse;

costa weaker than in stem leaves;

apical laminal cell usually truncate, multipapillose, walls not porose.

1–2 cm.

reddish, elongate, smooth to roughened throughout or rarely only distally.

autoicous or dioicous;

perichaetia conspicuous, leaves erect, sometimes plicate, margins plane, apex long-acuminate, costa single, usually strong, laminal cells rectangular, more elongate than in vegetative leaves, usually smooth.

with operculum obliquely short-rostrate;

endostome segments narrowly perforate, cilia in groups of 2 or 3.

usually inclined to horizontal, rarely suberect, usually asymmetric and arcuate;

exothecial cell walls thin to thick, not collenchymatous;

annulus differentiated;

operculum usually rostrate;

peristome hypnoid, double, attached at mouth;

exostome teeth bordered, shouldered, external surface cross striolate basally, sometimes with overlying papillae, internal surface papillose, trabeculate;

endostome basal membrane high, segments keeled, not to narrowly perforate, cilia in groups of 1–4, nodulose.

cucullate, smooth or roughened, naked.

10–13 µm, finely papillose.

spheric, usually papillose.

leaves 1.5 mm.

asexual reproduction absent.