Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus sardous |
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bur buttercup, hornseed buttercup, tubercled crowfoot |
hairy buttercup, hairy crowfoot |
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Stems | erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, villous, not bulbous-based. |
nearly erect, hispid, base not bulbous. |
Basal leaf | blades broadly spatulate in outline, 1-2x-dissected, 0.9-3.8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, segments linear, margins entire, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
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Flowers | receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, 3-6 × 1-2 mm, villous; petals yellow, 3-5 × 1-3 mm. |
pedicellate; receptacle pilose; sepals 5, reflexed, 3-8 × 1.5-3 mm, pilose; petals 5, 7-10 × 4-8 mm. |
Heads of achenes | cylindric, 9-16(-27) × 8-10 mm; achenes 1.6-2 × 1.8-2 mm, tomentose; beak persistent, lanceolate, 3.5-4.5 mm. |
globose or ovoid, 5-8 × 6-7 mm; achenes 15-35 per head, 2-3 × 2-3 mm, faces sparsely papillate or sometimes smooth, glabrous, margin smooth; beak oblong to deltate, curved, 0.4-0.7 mm. |
Tuberous | roots absent. |
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Basal | and lower cauline leaf blades ovate to cordate, 3-foliolate, 2-6 × 2-6 cm, leaflets again parted, leaflet base truncate to acute, margins crenate-dentate to crenate-lobulate, apex rounded to obtuse. |
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Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus sardous |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering late winter–summer (Mar–Aug). |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, especially in grassland | Roadsides, fields, open woods |
Elevation | 400-2500 m (1300-8200 ft) | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; BC; SK; native to Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
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AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; BC; native to Europe; Pacific Islands; Australia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | In North America, Ranunculus testiculatus seems to be expanding its range rapidly in arid and semiarid areas. A second species of this subgenus, R. falcatus Linnaeus [Ceratocephala falcata (Linnaeus) Persoon], has been reported from North America, but all reports seem to be based on misidentified material of R. testiculatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Ranunculus sardous was collected in New Brunswick and Ontario in the 1800s, but it apparently has not persisted in those provinces. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ceratocephala | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Echinella |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ceratocephalus orthoceras, Ceratocephalus testiculatus | R. parvulus |
Name authority | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 97. (1763) | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 84. (1763) |
Web links |
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