Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus macounii |
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bur buttercup, hornseed buttercup, tubercled crowfoot |
Macoun's buttercup, renoncule de Macoun |
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Roots | never tuberous. |
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Stems | erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, villous, not bulbous-based. |
prostrate to nearly erect, often rooting nodally, hirsute or glabrous, base not bulbous. |
Basal leaf | blades broadly spatulate in outline, 1-2x-dissected, 0.9-3.8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, segments linear, margins entire, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
blades cordate to reniform in outline, 3-foliolate, 3.7-7.5 × 4.5-9.5 cm, leaflets 3-lobed or -parted, ultimate segments elliptic or lance-elliptic, margins toothed or lobulate, apex acute to broadly acute. |
Flowers | receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, 3-6 × 1-2 mm, villous; petals yellow, 3-5 × 1-3 mm. |
receptacle hirsute; sepals spreading or reflexed ca. 1 mm above base, 4-6 × 1.5-3 mm, glabrous or hirsute; petals 5, yellow, 4-6 × 3.5-5 mm. |
Heads of achenes | cylindric, 9-16(-27) × 8-10 mm; achenes 1.6-2 × 1.8-2 mm, tomentose; beak persistent, lanceolate, 3.5-4.5 mm. |
globose or ovoid, 7-11 × 7-10 mm; achenes 2.4-3 × 2-2.4 mm, glabrous, margin forming narrow rib 0.1-0.2 mm wide; beak persistent, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, straight or nearly so, 1-1.2 mm. |
Tuberous | roots absent. |
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2n | = 32, 48. |
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Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus macounii |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring–summer (May–Sep). |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, especially in grassland | Meadows, depressions in woodlands, ditches, edges of streams and ponds, on wet soil or emergent from shallow water |
Elevation | 400-2500 m (1300-8200 ft) | 0-2900 m (0-9500 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; BC; SK; native to Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NF; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT
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Discussion | In North America, Ranunculus testiculatus seems to be expanding its range rapidly in arid and semiarid areas. A second species of this subgenus, R. falcatus Linnaeus [Ceratocephala falcata (Linnaeus) Persoon], has been reported from North America, but all reports seem to be based on misidentified material of R. testiculatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Through most of its range, Ranunculus macounii has conspicuously hispid herbage. Glabrous plants are found, however, in the lower Columbia River valley (southwestern Washington and adjacent Oregon). This variant has been called R. macounii var. oreganus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ceratocephala | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Ranunculus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ceratocephalus orthoceras, Ceratocephalus testiculatus | R. macounii var. oreganus |
Name authority | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 97. (1763) | Britton: Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 12: 3. (1892) |
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