Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus hebecarpus |
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bur buttercup, hornseed buttercup, tubercled crowfoot |
delicate buttercup, downy buttercup, pubescent fruit buttercup |
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Stems | erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, villous, not bulbous-based. |
erect, pilose. |
Basal leaf | blades broadly spatulate in outline, 1-2x-dissected, 0.9-3.8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, segments linear, margins entire, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
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Flowers | receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, 3-6 × 1-2 mm, villous; petals yellow, 3-5 × 1-3 mm. |
pedicellate; receptacle glabrous; sepals 5, spreading, 1.1-1.8 × 0.5-1 mm, pilose; petals 0-5, 1.3-2 × 0.3-0.7 mm. |
Heads of achenes | cylindric, 9-16(-27) × 8-10 mm; achenes 1.6-2 × 1.8-2 mm, tomentose; beak persistent, lanceolate, 3.5-4.5 mm. |
discoid, 4-6 × 3 mm; achenes 4-9 per head, 1.7-2.3 × 1.7-2 mm, faces and margin papillose, each papilla crowned with hooked bristle, otherwise glabrous; beak lanceolate, hooked distally, 0.5-0.7 mm. |
Tuberous | roots absent. |
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Basal | and lower cauline leaf blades cordate-reniform, deeply 3-parted, 0.6-2.3 × 1.2-3.5 cm, segments undivided or 2-4-lobed, base shallowly cordate, margins entire or 2-4-dentate, apex of ultimate segments acute. |
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Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus hebecarpus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | Flowering spring (Mar–May). |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, especially in grassland | Grasslands, open woodlands, and chaparral |
Elevation | 400-2500 m (1300-8200 ft) | 50-900 m (200-3000 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; BC; SK; native to Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
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CA; ID; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | In North America, Ranunculus testiculatus seems to be expanding its range rapidly in arid and semiarid areas. A second species of this subgenus, R. falcatus Linnaeus [Ceratocephala falcata (Linnaeus) Persoon], has been reported from North America, but all reports seem to be based on misidentified material of R. testiculatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Ranunculus hebecarpus is native to western North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ceratocephala | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Echinella |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ceratocephalus orthoceras, Ceratocephalus testiculatus | |
Name authority | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 97. (1763) | Hooker & Arnott: Bot. Beechey Voy., 316. (1838) |
Web links |
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