Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus alismifolius |
|||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
bur buttercup, hornseed buttercup, tubercled crowfoot |
common water plantain buttercup, kidney-leaf buttercup, plantain-leaf buttercup, water-plantain buttercup |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Roots | slender or fusiform-thickened basally, glabrous. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, villous, not bulbous-based. |
erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, glabrous or hirsute. |
||||||||||||||||||||
Leaves | basal leaf blades with base acute; proximal cauline leaf blades lanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, 1.8-14.1 × 0.7-2.9 cm, base acuminate to rounded, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Basal leaf | blades broadly spatulate in outline, 1-2x-dissected, 0.9-3.8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, segments linear, margins entire, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Inflorescences | bracts lanceolate. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Flowers | receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, 3-6 × 1-2 mm, villous; petals yellow, 3-5 × 1-3 mm. |
receptacle glabrous; sepals 5, spreading or reflexed from base, 2-6 × 1-4 mm, glabrous or hirsute; petals 5-12, 5-14 × 2-8 mm; nectary scales glabrous. |
||||||||||||||||||||
Heads of achenes | cylindric, 9-16(-27) × 8-10 mm; achenes 1.6-2 × 1.8-2 mm, tomentose; beak persistent, lanceolate, 3.5-4.5 mm. |
hemispheric to globose, 3-7 × 4-8 mm; achenes 1.6-2.8 × 1.2-2 mm, glabrous or rarely hispid; beak lance-subulate, straight or weakly curved, 0.4-1.2 mm. |
||||||||||||||||||||
Tuberous | roots absent. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Ranunculus testiculatus |
Ranunculus alismifolius |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–May). | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Disturbed areas, especially in grassland | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 400-2500 m (1300-8200 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; BC; SK; native to Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
|
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Discussion | In North America, Ranunculus testiculatus seems to be expanding its range rapidly in arid and semiarid areas. A second species of this subgenus, R. falcatus Linnaeus [Ceratocephala falcata (Linnaeus) Persoon], has been reported from North America, but all reports seem to be based on misidentified material of R. testiculatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Key |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ceratocephala | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Flammula | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Ceratocephalus orthoceras, Ceratocephalus testiculatus | |||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 97. (1763) | Geyer ex Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 295. (1849) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |
|