Ranunculus sardous |
Ranunculus ficaria |
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hairy buttercup, hairy crowfoot |
ficaire, fig buttercup, lesser celandine, pilewort, renoncule ficaire |
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Stems | nearly erect, hispid, base not bulbous. |
erect to decumbent, not rooting nodally, glabrous, not bulbous-based, spheric or ellipsoid bulbils sometimes formed in leaf axils. |
Basal leaves | simple and undivided, blades cordate to deltate or semicircular, 1.8-3.7 × 2-4 cm, base cordate, margins entire or crenate, apex rounded or obtuse. |
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Flowers | pedicellate; receptacle pilose; sepals 5, reflexed, 3-8 × 1.5-3 mm, pilose; petals 5, 7-10 × 4-8 mm. |
receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, saccate at extreme base, 4-9 × 3-6 mm, glabrous; petals yellow, 10-15 × 3-7 mm. |
Heads of achenes | globose or ovoid, 5-8 × 6-7 mm; achenes 15-35 per head, 2-3 × 2-3 mm, faces sparsely papillate or sometimes smooth, glabrous, margin smooth; beak oblong to deltate, curved, 0.4-0.7 mm. |
hemispheric, 4-5 × 6-8 mm; achenes 2.6-2.8 × 1.8-2 mm, pubescent; beak absent. |
Basal | and lower cauline leaf blades ovate to cordate, 3-foliolate, 2-6 × 2-6 cm, leaflets again parted, leaflet base truncate to acute, margins crenate-dentate to crenate-lobulate, apex rounded to obtuse. |
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Tuberous | roots present. |
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Ranunculus sardous |
Ranunculus ficaria |
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Phenology | Flowering late winter–summer (Mar–Aug). | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | Roadsides, fields, open woods | Shaded stream banks and moist disturbed areas |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; BC; native to Europe; Pacific Islands; Australia [Introduced in North America]
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CT; DC; IL; KY; MA; MD; MI; MO; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; VA; WA; WV; BC; NF; ON; QC; native to Europe [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Ranunculus sardous was collected in New Brunswick and Ontario in the 1800s, but it apparently has not persisted in those provinces. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In North America, Ranunculus ficaria seems to be expanding its range rapidly in areas with cool mesic climates. The species is extremely variable (especially in leaf size and stem posture), and many attempts have been made to divide it into varieties or subspecies (see P. D. Sell 1994). The different forms, however, intergrade extensively and the varieties are often impossible to distinguish. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Echinella | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ficaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. parvulus | R. ficaria subsp. bulbifer, R. ficaria subsp. calthifolius, R. ficaria var. bulbifera |
Name authority | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 84. (1763) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 550. (1753) |
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