Ranunculus pensylvanicus |
Ranunculus gmelinii |
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bristly buttercup, bristly crowfoot, Pennsylvania buttercup, renoncule de pennsylvanie |
Gmelin's buttercup, Gmelin's water buttercup, lesser yellow water crowfoot, renoncule de Gmelin, small yellow water-buttercup, yellow water crowfoot |
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Roots | never tuberous. |
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Stems | erect, never rooting nodally, hispid, base not bulbous. |
prostrate or sometimes floating, glabrous or hirsute, rooting nodally. |
Leaves | basal leaves absent, cauline leaf blades reniform to circular, 3-parted, 0.6-6.5 × 1.1-9 cm, base cordate, segments again 1-3x-lobed to -dissected, margins entire or crenate, apex rounded to filiform. |
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Basal leaf | blades broadly cordate in outline, 3-foliolate, 1.6-7 × 3-9 cm, leaflets cleft, usually deeply so, ultimate segments narrowly elliptic, margins toothed, apex acute. |
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Flowers | receptacle hirsute; sepals reflexed ca. 1 mm above base, 3-5 × 1.5-2 mm, ± hispid; petals 5, yellow, 2-4 × 1-2.5 mm. |
receptacle sparsely hispid; sepals 4-5, spreading or reflexed from base, 2-5 × 2-4 mm, glabrous or sparsely pilose; petals 4-14, 3-7 × 2-5 mm; nectary scale variable, crescent-shaped, funnel-shaped, or flaplike; style 0.2-0.4 mm. |
Heads of achenes | cylindric, 9-12 × 5-7 mm; achenes 1.8-2.8 × 1.6-2 mm, glabrous, margin forming narrow rib 0.1-0.2 mm wide; beak persistent, broadly lanceolate or nearly deltate, straight or nearly so, 0.6-0.8 mm. |
globose or ovoid, 3-8 × 3-7 mm; achenes 1-1.6 × 1-1.2 mm, glabrous; beak narrowly lanceolate or filiform, 0.4-0.8 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16, 32, 64. |
Ranunculus pensylvanicus |
Ranunculus gmelinii |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer (Jun–Aug). | Flowering spring–summer (May–Sep). |
Habitat | Stream banks, bogs, moist clearings, depressions in woodlands | Shallow water or drying mud, wet meadows, swamps, marshes, ponds, shores of rivers |
Elevation | 0-1700 m (0-5600 ft) | 0-2800 m (0-9200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; PA; RI; SD; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK
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AK; CO; IA; ID; IL; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
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Discussion | Ojibwa tribes used Ranunculus pensylvanicus as a hunting medicine; the Potawatomi used it as an astringent for miscellaneous diseases (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Ranunculus gmelinii has been divided into varieties on the basis of indument and flower size. These characters are variable and poorly correlated with one another, however, and these varieties scarcely seem natural. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Ranunculus | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Hecatonia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. gmelinii subsp. purshii, R. gmelinii var. hookeri, R. gmelinii var. limosus, R. gmelinii var. prolificus, R. purshii | |
Name authority | Linnaeus f.: Suppl. Pl., 272. (1782) | de Candolle: Syst. Nat. 1: 303. (1817) |
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