Ranunculus pallasii |
Ranunculus aquatilis |
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Pallas' buttercup, renoncule de Pallas |
renoncule aquatique, water buttercup, water crowfoot, white water butter cup, white water crowfoot, white water crowsfoot, white western buttercup |
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Stems | creeping or floating, rooting nodally, glabrous, not bulbous-based. |
glabrous. |
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Leaves | laminate and filiform-dissected; laminate leaf blades reniform, 3-parted, 0.4-1.1 × 0.7-2.3 cm, segments obovate or fan-shaped, shallowly cleft, margins crenate; filiform-dissected leaves with stipules gradually tapering upward, connate for their whole length. |
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Basal leaf blades | linear to obovate, undivided or 3-lobed, 1.5-3.6 × 0.3-2 cm, lobes lanceolate or elliptic, margins entire, apex rounded to acuminate. |
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Flowers | receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, 6-10 × 4-7 mm, glabrous; petals 7-11, white or pink, 8-13 × 3-6 mm. |
receptacle hispid, rarely glabrous; sepals spreading or reflexed, 2-4 × 1-2 mm, glabrous; petals 5, 4-7 × 1-5 mm; style 0.1-0.8 mm. |
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Fruiting pedicels | usually recurved. |
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Heads of achenes | globose or hemispheric, 5-12 × 9-15 mm; achenes 4.2-5.2 × 2.4-3.2 mm, glabrous; beak persistent, lanceolate, straight or curved, 1-1.2 mm. |
hemispheric to ovoid, 2-4 × 2-5 mm; achenes 1-2 × 0.8-1.4 mm, glabrous or hispid; beak persistent, filiform, 0.1-1.2 mm. |
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Tuberous | roots absent. |
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2n | = 32. |
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Ranunculus pallasii |
Ranunculus aquatilis |
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Phenology | Flowering summer (Jul–Aug). | |||||
Habitat | Shallow water of bogs and pools in muskeg and tundra | |||||
Elevation | 0-700 m (0-2300 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; MB; NF; NT; ON; QC; YT; Eurasia |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Ranunculus aquatilis is very variable. In the past it has often been treated as three or four species and many varieties. These segregate taxa have been based on the size, petiolation and rigidity of the leaves (now known to be primarily under environmental control), petal size and curvature of the fruiting pedicel (both sometimes variable along single stem), and number of achenes per head and length of achene beak (which vary continuously and are not correlated with one another). Unless reliable characters can be found, only two of the taxa recognized in older floras can be maintained. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Pallasiantha | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Batrachium | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Batrachium aquatile | |||||
Name authority | Schlechtendal: Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 1: 15. (1819) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 556. (1753) | ||||
Web links |
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