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margined buttercup

common water plantain buttercup, kidney-leaf buttercup, plantain-leaf buttercup, water-plantain buttercup

Roots

slender or fusiform-thickened basally, glabrous.

Stems

erect, sparsely pilose.

erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, glabrous or hirsute.

Leaves

basal leaf blades with base acute;

proximal cauline leaf blades lanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, 1.8-14.1 × 0.7-2.9 cm, base acuminate to rounded, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acuminate.

Basal leaf blades

reniform to semicircular, undivided or shallowly 3-lobed, 2.5-5 × 3-7 cm, base truncate to nearly cordate, margins crenate or dentate, apex rounded or obtuse.

Inflorescences

bracts lanceolate.

Flowers

pedicellate;

receptacle hispid;

sepals 5, reflexed 1 mm from base, 3-5 × 1-2 mm, hispid;

petals 5, 4-5 × 2-3.5 mm.

receptacle glabrous;

sepals 5, spreading or reflexed from base, 2-6 × 1-4 mm, glabrous or hirsute;

petals 5-12, 5-14 × 2-8 mm;

nectary scales glabrous.

Heads of achenes

hemispheric to globose, 4 × 6 mm;

achenes 15-20 per head, 2.5-3 × 2-2.5 mm, faces covered with high sharp tubercles or low spines, glabrous, margin smooth;

beak deltate, straight, 0.8-1 mm.

hemispheric to globose, 3-7 × 4-8 mm;

achenes 1.6-2.8 × 1.2-2 mm, glabrous or rarely hispid;

beak lance-subulate, straight or weakly curved, 0.4-1.2 mm.

Ranunculus marginatus

Ranunculus alismifolius

Phenology Flowering spring (Mar–May).
Habitat Roadsides
Elevation 0-100 m (0-300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; LA; TX; native to Europe [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

A form of Ranunculus marginatus, with the fruits weakly tuberculate or almost smooth, similar to the smooth-fruited forms of R. sardous, is found in Europe; it is not known from North America.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 6 (6 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Petals 7–12 on most flowers, 2–3 mm broad.
var. montanus
1. Petals 4–6(–8), 2–8 mm broad.
→ 2
2. Stems 3.5–8 mm thick; leaf margins serrulate.
var. alismifolius
2. Stems 1–3 mm thick; leaf margins entire.
→ 3
3. Leaf blades ovate or elliptic.
var. alismellus
3. Leaf blades broadly to narrowly lanceolate.
→ 4
4. Petals 10–14 mm; California and Nevada.
var. lemmonii
4. Petals 5–8 mm; widespread.
→ 5
5. Roots fusiform-thickened proximally; stems and petioles glabrous or pubescent.
var. davisii
5. Roots not or scarcely fusiform-thickened proximally; stems and petioles glabrous.
var. hartwegii
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Echinella Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Flammula
Sibling taxa
R. abortivus, R. acriformis, R. acris, R. adoneus, R. alismifolius, R. allegheniensis, R. allenii, R. ambigens, R. andersonii, R. aquatilis, R. arizonicus, R. arvensis, R. auricomus, R. austro-oreganus, R. bonariensis, R. bulbosus, R. californicus, R. canus, R. cardiophyllus, R. cooleyae, R. cymbalaria, R. eschscholtzii, R. fascicularis, R. fasciculatus, R. ficaria, R. flabellaris, R. flammula, R. gelidus, R. glaberrimus, R. glacialis, R. gmelinii, R. gormanii, R. harveyi, R. hebecarpus, R. hederaceus, R. hispidus, R. hydrocharoides, R. hyperboreus, R. hystriculus, R. inamoenus, R. jovis, R. kamtschaticus, R. lapponicus, R. laxicaulis, R. lobbii, R. macauleyi, R. macounii, R. macranthus, R. micranthus, R. muricatus, R. nivalis, R. occidentalis, R. oresterus, R. orthorhynchus, R. pacificus, R. pallasii, R. parviflorus, R. pedatifidus, R. pensylvanicus, R. platensis, R. populago, R. pusillus, R. pygmaeus, R. ranunculinus, R. recurvatus, R. repens, R. rhomboideus, R. sabinei, R. sardous, R. sceleratus, R. sulphureus, R. testiculatus, R. trilobus, R. triternatus, R. turneri, R. uncinatus
R. abortivus, R. acriformis, R. acris, R. adoneus, R. allegheniensis, R. allenii, R. ambigens, R. andersonii, R. aquatilis, R. arizonicus, R. arvensis, R. auricomus, R. austro-oreganus, R. bonariensis, R. bulbosus, R. californicus, R. canus, R. cardiophyllus, R. cooleyae, R. cymbalaria, R. eschscholtzii, R. fascicularis, R. fasciculatus, R. ficaria, R. flabellaris, R. flammula, R. gelidus, R. glaberrimus, R. glacialis, R. gmelinii, R. gormanii, R. harveyi, R. hebecarpus, R. hederaceus, R. hispidus, R. hydrocharoides, R. hyperboreus, R. hystriculus, R. inamoenus, R. jovis, R. kamtschaticus, R. lapponicus, R. laxicaulis, R. lobbii, R. macauleyi, R. macounii, R. macranthus, R. marginatus, R. micranthus, R. muricatus, R. nivalis, R. occidentalis, R. oresterus, R. orthorhynchus, R. pacificus, R. pallasii, R. parviflorus, R. pedatifidus, R. pensylvanicus, R. platensis, R. populago, R. pusillus, R. pygmaeus, R. ranunculinus, R. recurvatus, R. repens, R. rhomboideus, R. sabinei, R. sardous, R. sceleratus, R. sulphureus, R. testiculatus, R. trilobus, R. triternatus, R. turneri, R. uncinatus
Subordinate taxa
R. alismifolius var. alismellus, R. alismifolius var. alismifolius, R. alismifolius var. davisii, R. alismifolius var. hartwegii, R. alismifolius var. lemmonii, R. alismifolius var. montanus
Name authority d'Urville: Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 318. (1822) Geyer ex Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 295. (1849)
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