Ranunculus fascicularis |
Ranunculus eschscholtzii |
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early buttercup, early crowfoot, prairie buttercup, tuft buttercup |
Eschscholtz's buttercup, snow buttercup, subalpine buttercup |
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Roots | always both filiform and tuberous on same stem. |
slender, 0.4-1.6 mm thick. |
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Stems | erect or ascending, never rooting nodally, strigose or spreading-strigose, base not bulbous. |
erect or decumbent from short or long caudices, 4-27 cm, glabrous, each with 1-3 flowers. |
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Basal leaves | blades ovate to broadly ovate in outline, 3-5-foliolate, 2.1-4.7 × 1.9-4.5 cm, leaflets undivided or 1x-lobed or -parted, ultimate segments oblanceolate or obovate, margins entire or with few teeth, apex rounded-acute to rounded-obtuse. |
persistent, blades reniform or cordate to obovate or broadly oblong, lobed or 3-parted, 0.5-4.1 × 0.8-3.7 cm, segments again 1(-2)×-lobed, base obtuse to cordate, apices of segments rounded in outline. |
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Flowers | receptacle hispid or glabrous; sepals spreading or sometimes reflexed from base, 5-7 × 2-3 mm, hispid or glabrous; petals 5(-7), yellow, 8-14 × 3-6 mm. |
pedicels glabrous; receptacle glabrous or sparsely pilose; sepals 4-8 × 2-6 mm, abaxially glabrous or pilose; petals 5-8, 6-16 × 4-16 mm; nectary scale glabrous. |
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Heads of achenes | globose or ovoid, 5-9 × 5-8 mm; achenes 2-2.8 × 1.8-2.2 mm, glabrous, margin forming narrow rib 0.1-0.2 mm wide; beak persistent, filiform, straight, 1.2-2.8 mm. |
cylindric or ovoid, 5-10 × 4-7 mm; achenes 1.4-2 × 1-1.6 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; beak lanceolate or subulate, straight (sometimes curved when immature), 0.6-1.8 mm. |
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2n | = 32. |
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Ranunculus fascicularis |
Ranunculus eschscholtzii |
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Phenology | Flowering winter–spring (Jan–Jun). | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Grassland or deciduous forest | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; MB; ON
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AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; YT
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Discussion | Ranunculus fascicularis is very similar to R. hispidus var. hispidus, and herbarium specimens without underground parts may be difficult to identify. Ranunculus fascicularis grows in drier habitats; segments of its leaves are commonly oblanceolate and blunt, with few or no marginal teeth; and its petals are widest at or below the middle. Ranunculus hispidus var. hispidus is usually larger in all its parts (leaves, flowers, heads of achenes); leaf segments are variable in shape but their apices are normally sharper and their marginal teeth more numerous, and petals are widest above the middle. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 6 (5 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Ranunculus | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Epirotes | ||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | R. fascicularis var. apricus | |||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Muhlenberg ex J. M. Bigelow: Fl. Boston., 137. (1814) | Schlechtendal: Animadv. Bot. Ranunc. Cand. 2: 16. (1820) | ||||||||||||||||
Web links |