Ranunculus fascicularis |
Ranunculus alismifolius |
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early buttercup, early crowfoot, prairie buttercup, tuft buttercup |
common water plantain buttercup, kidney-leaf buttercup, plantain-leaf buttercup, water-plantain buttercup |
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Roots | always both filiform and tuberous on same stem. |
slender or fusiform-thickened basally, glabrous. |
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Stems | erect or ascending, never rooting nodally, strigose or spreading-strigose, base not bulbous. |
erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, glabrous or hirsute. |
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Leaves | basal leaf blades with base acute; proximal cauline leaf blades lanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, 1.8-14.1 × 0.7-2.9 cm, base acuminate to rounded, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
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Basal leaf | blades ovate to broadly ovate in outline, 3-5-foliolate, 2.1-4.7 × 1.9-4.5 cm, leaflets undivided or 1x-lobed or -parted, ultimate segments oblanceolate or obovate, margins entire or with few teeth, apex rounded-acute to rounded-obtuse. |
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Inflorescences | bracts lanceolate. |
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Flowers | receptacle hispid or glabrous; sepals spreading or sometimes reflexed from base, 5-7 × 2-3 mm, hispid or glabrous; petals 5(-7), yellow, 8-14 × 3-6 mm. |
receptacle glabrous; sepals 5, spreading or reflexed from base, 2-6 × 1-4 mm, glabrous or hirsute; petals 5-12, 5-14 × 2-8 mm; nectary scales glabrous. |
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Heads of achenes | globose or ovoid, 5-9 × 5-8 mm; achenes 2-2.8 × 1.8-2.2 mm, glabrous, margin forming narrow rib 0.1-0.2 mm wide; beak persistent, filiform, straight, 1.2-2.8 mm. |
hemispheric to globose, 3-7 × 4-8 mm; achenes 1.6-2.8 × 1.2-2 mm, glabrous or rarely hispid; beak lance-subulate, straight or weakly curved, 0.4-1.2 mm. |
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2n | = 32. |
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Ranunculus fascicularis |
Ranunculus alismifolius |
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Phenology | Flowering winter–spring (Jan–Jun). | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Grassland or deciduous forest | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; MB; ON
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CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
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Discussion | Ranunculus fascicularis is very similar to R. hispidus var. hispidus, and herbarium specimens without underground parts may be difficult to identify. Ranunculus fascicularis grows in drier habitats; segments of its leaves are commonly oblanceolate and blunt, with few or no marginal teeth; and its petals are widest at or below the middle. Ranunculus hispidus var. hispidus is usually larger in all its parts (leaves, flowers, heads of achenes); leaf segments are variable in shape but their apices are normally sharper and their marginal teeth more numerous, and petals are widest above the middle. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Ranunculus | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Flammula | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | R. fascicularis var. apricus | |||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Muhlenberg ex J. M. Bigelow: Fl. Boston., 137. (1814) | Geyer ex Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 295. (1849) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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