Ranunculus cooleyae |
Ranunculus aquatilis |
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Cooley's buttercup |
renoncule aquatique, water buttercup, water crowfoot, white water butter cup, white water crowfoot, white water crowsfoot, white western buttercup |
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Stems | erect from short caudices, not rooting nodally, glabrous, not bulbous-based. |
glabrous. |
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Leaves | laminate and filiform-dissected; laminate leaf blades reniform, 3-parted, 0.4-1.1 × 0.7-2.3 cm, segments obovate or fan-shaped, shallowly cleft, margins crenate; filiform-dissected leaves with stipules gradually tapering upward, connate for their whole length. |
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Basal leaf | blades circular to reniform in outline, 3-5-parted, 0.8-3.8 × 1.7-6.9 cm, segments again lobed, ultimate segments elliptic or oblong, margins crenate, apex rounded; cauline leaf 0-1, scalelike. |
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Flowers | receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, yellow, 7-11 × 4-7 mm, glabrous; petals 11-15, yellow, 8-12 × 3-5 mm. |
receptacle hispid, rarely glabrous; sepals spreading or reflexed, 2-4 × 1-2 mm, glabrous; petals 5, 4-7 × 1-5 mm; style 0.1-0.8 mm. |
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Fruiting pedicels | usually recurved. |
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Heads of achenes | hemispheric or spheric, 7-8 × 9-10 mm; achenes 2.4-4.6 × 1.2-2.2 mm, glabrous; beak persistent, filiform, hooked distally, 1-1.8 mm. |
hemispheric to ovoid, 2-4 × 2-5 mm; achenes 1-2 × 0.8-1.4 mm, glabrous or hispid; beak persistent, filiform, 0.1-1.2 mm. |
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Tuberous | roots absent. |
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2n | = 16. |
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Ranunculus cooleyae |
Ranunculus aquatilis |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer (Jun–Aug). | |||||
Habitat | Slopes near persistent snowbanks | |||||
Elevation | 500-1800 m (1600-5900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; WA; BC
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AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Ranunculus aquatilis is very variable. In the past it has often been treated as three or four species and many varieties. These segregate taxa have been based on the size, petiolation and rigidity of the leaves (now known to be primarily under environmental control), petal size and curvature of the fruiting pedicel (both sometimes variable along single stem), and number of achenes per head and length of achene beak (which vary continuously and are not correlated with one another). Unless reliable characters can be found, only two of the taxa recognized in older floras can be maintained. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Cyrtorhyncha > sect. Arcteranthis | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Batrachium | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Arcteranthis cooleyae, Kumlienia cooleyae | Batrachium aquatile | ||||
Name authority | Vasey & Rose ex Rose: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 289. (1894) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 556. (1753) | ||||
Web links |
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