Ranunculus bulbosus |
Ranunculus testiculatus |
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bulbous buttercup, bulbous crowfoot, renoncule bulbeuse, St. Anthony's-turnip |
bur buttercup, hornseed buttercup, tubercled crowfoot |
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Roots | never tuberous. |
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Stems | erect, never rooting nodally, strigose or hirsute, base bulbous and cormlike. |
erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, villous, not bulbous-based. |
Basal leaf | blades ovate to cordate in outline, 3-foliolate, rarely merely deeply divided, 2–5.3 × 2.4–5.4 cm, leaflets 1–2x-lobed, ultimate segments oblong to obovate, margins toothed, apex rounded in outline. |
blades broadly spatulate in outline, 1-2x-dissected, 0.9-3.8 × 0.5-1.5 cm, segments linear, margins entire, apex obtuse to acuminate. |
Flowers | receptacle pubescent; sepals reflexed 2–3 mm above base, 6–9 × 2–4 mm, pilose; petals 5, yellow, 9–13 × 8–11 mm. |
receptacle glabrous; sepals spreading, 3-6 × 1-2 mm, villous; petals yellow, 3-5 × 1-3 mm. |
Heads of achenes | ovoid, 6–9 × 5–7 mm; achenes 2.2–3.2 × 2.2–2.8 mm, glabrous, margin forming narrow rib 0.1–0.2 mm wide; beak persistent, lanceolate to deltate, 0.2–0.8 mm, slender tip hooked when present. |
cylindric, 9-16(-27) × 8-10 mm; achenes 1.6-2 × 1.8-2 mm, tomentose; beak persistent, lanceolate, 3.5-4.5 mm. |
Tuberous | roots absent. |
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Ranunculus bulbosus |
Ranunculus testiculatus |
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Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–Jun). | Flowering spring (Apr–May). |
Habitat | Meadows | Disturbed areas, especially in grassland |
Elevation | 0–700 m (0–2300 ft) | 400-2500 m (1300-8200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WA; WV; BC; NF; NS; ON; QC; South America; native to Eurasia; Pacific Islands; Australia [Introduced in North America]
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AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; KS; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OH; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; BC; SK; native to Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Ranunculus bulbosus is native to Europe and the Near East but has become naturalized in many other parts of the world. It is considered an introduced weed in the flora. The Iroquois used Ranunculus bulbosus as a toothache remede and as a a treatment for venereal disease (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In North America, Ranunculus testiculatus seems to be expanding its range rapidly in arid and semiarid areas. A second species of this subgenus, R. falcatus Linnaeus [Ceratocephala falcata (Linnaeus) Persoon], has been reported from North America, but all reports seem to be based on misidentified material of R. testiculatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Ranunculus | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ceratocephala |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. bulbosus var. dissectus, R. bulbosus var. valdepubens | Ceratocephalus orthoceras, Ceratocephalus testiculatus |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 554. (1753) | Crantz: Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 97. (1763) |
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