Ranunculus bulbosus |
Ranunculus hyperboreus |
|
---|---|---|
bulbous buttercup, bulbous crowfoot, renoncule bulbeuse, St. Anthony's-turnip |
arctic buttercup, far-northern buttercup, high northern buttercup, renoncule hyperboréale |
|
Roots | never tuberous. |
|
Stems | erect, never rooting nodally, strigose or hirsute, base bulbous and cormlike. |
prostrate, glabrous, rooting nodally. |
Leaves | basal leaves absent, cauline leaf blades reniform to broadly flabellate, deeply 3-lobed or 3-parted, 0.3-1.2 × 0.5-2.1 cm, base obtuse to cordate, lobes undivided or lateral lobes cleft, terminal segment entire or distally crenulate, apex rounded. |
|
Basal leaf | blades ovate to cordate in outline, 3-foliolate, rarely merely deeply divided, 2–5.3 × 2.4–5.4 cm, leaflets 1–2x-lobed, ultimate segments oblong to obovate, margins toothed, apex rounded in outline. |
|
Flowers | receptacle pubescent; sepals reflexed 2–3 mm above base, 6–9 × 2–4 mm, pilose; petals 5, yellow, 9–13 × 8–11 mm. |
receptacle glabrous; sepals 3-4, spreading or reflexed from base, 2-4 × 1-3 mm, glabrous; petals 3-4, 2-4 × 1-3 mm; nectary on petal surface, scale poorly developed and forming crescent-shaped ridge surrounding but not covering nectary; style 0.1-0.2 mm. |
Heads of achenes | ovoid, 6–9 × 5–7 mm; achenes 2.2–3.2 × 2.2–2.8 mm, glabrous, margin forming narrow rib 0.1–0.2 mm wide; beak persistent, lanceolate to deltate, 0.2–0.8 mm, slender tip hooked when present. |
globose or short-ovoid, 3-5 × 2-5 mm; achenes 1-1.4 × 0.8-1.2 mm, glabrous; beak linear, curved, 0.1-0.4 mm. |
2n | = 32. |
|
Ranunculus bulbosus |
Ranunculus hyperboreus |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring (Apr–Jun). | Flowering late spring–summer (Jun–Aug). |
Habitat | Meadows | Floating in shallow water or stranded on exposed mud at margins of streams and ponds and open wet soil and marshes, in tundra or boreal or subalpine forest |
Elevation | 0–700 m (0–2300 ft) | 0-3400 m (0-11200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WA; WV; BC; NF; NS; ON; QC; South America; native to Eurasia; Pacific Islands; Australia [Introduced in North America]
|
AK; CO; ID; MT; NV; UT; WY; AB; BC; MB; NF; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; Eurasia
|
Discussion | Ranunculus bulbosus is native to Europe and the Near East but has become naturalized in many other parts of the world. It is considered an introduced weed in the flora. The Iroquois used Ranunculus bulbosus as a toothache remede and as a a treatment for venereal disease (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Specimens of Ranunculus hyperboreus from the central and southern Rocky Mountains have the leaves always cordate and the fruiting heads always 4-5 mm; they have been separated as R. hyperboreus subsp. intertextus. Although Arctic specimens are more variable, they often have shallowly cordate leaf bases and equally large heads of achenes, so segregation of the subspecies seems inappropriate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Ranunculus | Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Hecatonia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. bulbosus var. dissectus, R. bulbosus var. valdepubens | R. hyperboreus subsp. arnellii, R. hyperboreus subsp. intertextus, R. hyperboreus var. samojedorum, R. hyperboreus var. tricrenatus, R. hyperboreus var. turquetilianus, R. natans var. intertextus |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 554. (1753) | Rottbøll: Skr. Kiøbenhavnske Selsk. Laerd. Elsk. 10: 458. (1770) |
Web links |
|