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common water plantain buttercup, kidney-leaf buttercup, plantain-leaf buttercup, water-plantain buttercup

Gmelin's buttercup, Gmelin's water buttercup, lesser yellow water crowfoot, renoncule de Gmelin, small yellow water-buttercup, yellow water crowfoot

Roots

slender or fusiform-thickened basally, glabrous.

Stems

erect or ascending, not rooting nodally, glabrous or hirsute.

prostrate or sometimes floating, glabrous or hirsute, rooting nodally.

Leaves

basal leaf blades with base acute;

proximal cauline leaf blades lanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, 1.8-14.1 × 0.7-2.9 cm, base acuminate to rounded, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acuminate.

basal leaves absent, cauline leaf blades reniform to circular, 3-parted, 0.6-6.5 × 1.1-9 cm, base cordate, segments again 1-3x-lobed to -dissected, margins entire or crenate, apex rounded to filiform.

Inflorescences

bracts lanceolate.

Flowers

receptacle glabrous;

sepals 5, spreading or reflexed from base, 2-6 × 1-4 mm, glabrous or hirsute;

petals 5-12, 5-14 × 2-8 mm;

nectary scales glabrous.

receptacle sparsely hispid;

sepals 4-5, spreading or reflexed from base, 2-5 × 2-4 mm, glabrous or sparsely pilose;

petals 4-14, 3-7 × 2-5 mm;

nectary scale variable, crescent-shaped, funnel-shaped, or flaplike;

style 0.2-0.4 mm.

Heads of achenes

hemispheric to globose, 3-7 × 4-8 mm;

achenes 1.6-2.8 × 1.2-2 mm, glabrous or rarely hispid;

beak lance-subulate, straight or weakly curved, 0.4-1.2 mm.

globose or ovoid, 3-8 × 3-7 mm;

achenes 1-1.6 × 1-1.2 mm, glabrous;

beak narrowly lanceolate or filiform, 0.4-0.8 mm.

2n

= 16, 32, 64.

Ranunculus alismifolius

Ranunculus gmelinii

Phenology Flowering spring–summer (May–Sep).
Habitat Shallow water or drying mud, wet meadows, swamps, marshes, ponds, shores of rivers
Elevation 0-2800 m (0-9200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; CO; IA; ID; IL; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 6 (6 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Ranunculus gmelinii has been divided into varieties on the basis of indument and flower size. These characters are variable and poorly correlated with one another, however, and these varieties scarcely seem natural.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Petals 7–12 on most flowers, 2–3 mm broad.
var. montanus
1. Petals 4–6(–8), 2–8 mm broad.
→ 2
2. Stems 3.5–8 mm thick; leaf margins serrulate.
var. alismifolius
2. Stems 1–3 mm thick; leaf margins entire.
→ 3
3. Leaf blades ovate or elliptic.
var. alismellus
3. Leaf blades broadly to narrowly lanceolate.
→ 4
4. Petals 10–14 mm; California and Nevada.
var. lemmonii
4. Petals 5–8 mm; widespread.
→ 5
5. Roots fusiform-thickened proximally; stems and petioles glabrous or pubescent.
var. davisii
5. Roots not or scarcely fusiform-thickened proximally; stems and petioles glabrous.
var. hartwegii
Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Flammula Ranunculaceae > Ranunculus > subg. Ranunculus > sect. Hecatonia
Sibling taxa
R. abortivus, R. acriformis, R. acris, R. adoneus, R. allegheniensis, R. allenii, R. ambigens, R. andersonii, R. aquatilis, R. arizonicus, R. arvensis, R. auricomus, R. austro-oreganus, R. bonariensis, R. bulbosus, R. californicus, R. canus, R. cardiophyllus, R. cooleyae, R. cymbalaria, R. eschscholtzii, R. fascicularis, R. fasciculatus, R. ficaria, R. flabellaris, R. flammula, R. gelidus, R. glaberrimus, R. glacialis, R. gmelinii, R. gormanii, R. harveyi, R. hebecarpus, R. hederaceus, R. hispidus, R. hydrocharoides, R. hyperboreus, R. hystriculus, R. inamoenus, R. jovis, R. kamtschaticus, R. lapponicus, R. laxicaulis, R. lobbii, R. macauleyi, R. macounii, R. macranthus, R. marginatus, R. micranthus, R. muricatus, R. nivalis, R. occidentalis, R. oresterus, R. orthorhynchus, R. pacificus, R. pallasii, R. parviflorus, R. pedatifidus, R. pensylvanicus, R. platensis, R. populago, R. pusillus, R. pygmaeus, R. ranunculinus, R. recurvatus, R. repens, R. rhomboideus, R. sabinei, R. sardous, R. sceleratus, R. sulphureus, R. testiculatus, R. trilobus, R. triternatus, R. turneri, R. uncinatus
R. abortivus, R. acriformis, R. acris, R. adoneus, R. alismifolius, R. allegheniensis, R. allenii, R. ambigens, R. andersonii, R. aquatilis, R. arizonicus, R. arvensis, R. auricomus, R. austro-oreganus, R. bonariensis, R. bulbosus, R. californicus, R. canus, R. cardiophyllus, R. cooleyae, R. cymbalaria, R. eschscholtzii, R. fascicularis, R. fasciculatus, R. ficaria, R. flabellaris, R. flammula, R. gelidus, R. glaberrimus, R. glacialis, R. gormanii, R. harveyi, R. hebecarpus, R. hederaceus, R. hispidus, R. hydrocharoides, R. hyperboreus, R. hystriculus, R. inamoenus, R. jovis, R. kamtschaticus, R. lapponicus, R. laxicaulis, R. lobbii, R. macauleyi, R. macounii, R. macranthus, R. marginatus, R. micranthus, R. muricatus, R. nivalis, R. occidentalis, R. oresterus, R. orthorhynchus, R. pacificus, R. pallasii, R. parviflorus, R. pedatifidus, R. pensylvanicus, R. platensis, R. populago, R. pusillus, R. pygmaeus, R. ranunculinus, R. recurvatus, R. repens, R. rhomboideus, R. sabinei, R. sardous, R. sceleratus, R. sulphureus, R. testiculatus, R. trilobus, R. triternatus, R. turneri, R. uncinatus
Subordinate taxa
R. alismifolius var. alismellus, R. alismifolius var. alismifolius, R. alismifolius var. davisii, R. alismifolius var. hartwegii, R. alismifolius var. lemmonii, R. alismifolius var. montanus
Synonyms R. gmelinii subsp. purshii, R. gmelinii var. hookeri, R. gmelinii var. limosus, R. gmelinii var. prolificus, R. purshii
Name authority Geyer ex Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 295. (1849) de Candolle: Syst. Nat. 1: 303. (1817)
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