Quercus pagoda |
Quercus hemisphaerica |
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cherrybark oak, Texas oak |
Darlington oak, Darlington's oak, laurel oak, sand laurel oak |
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Habit | Trees, deciduous, to 40 m. Bark nearly black with narrow and noticeably flaky ridges, often resembling that of wild black cherry, inner bark orange. | Trees, evergreen or tardily deciduous, to 35 m. Bark much like that of Q. laurifolia. |
Twigs | yellowish brown, 2-3.5 mm diam., pubescent. |
light brown to dark red-brown, 1-2.5 mm diam., glabrous. |
Leaves | blade ovate to elliptic or obovate, 90-300 × 60-160 mm, base cuneate to rounded or truncate, margins with 5-11 lobes and 10-25 awns, lobes oblong, rarely falcate, terminal lobe rarely exceeding lateral lobes in length, apex acute; surfaces abaxially pale, tomentose, adaxially glossy, glabrous, secondary veins raised on both surfaces. |
blade narrowly ovate or elliptic to oblanceolate, 30-120 × 10-40 mm, leathery, base obtuse to rounded, rarely attenuate, margins entire or with a few shallow lobes or teeth near apex, awns 1-4 (rarely as many as 8-10 on 2d-flush growth), apex acute or acuminate, occasionally obtuse; surfaces abaxially glabrous, rarely with minute axillary tufts of tomentum, adaxially glabrous. |
Acorns | biennial; cup saucer-shaped to cup-shaped, 3-7 mm high × 10-18 mm wide, covering 1/3-1/2 nut, outer surface puberulent, inner surface pubescent, scale tips tightly appressed, acute; nut subglobose, 9-15 × 8-16 mm, often striate, puberulent, scar diam. 5-9 mm. |
biennial; cup saucer-shaped to bowl-shaped, rarely turbinate, 3-10 mm high × 11-18 mm wide, covering 1/4-1/3 nut, outer surface puberulent, inner surface pubescent at least 1/2 distance to rim, scales occasionally distinctly tuberculate, tips appressed, acute to obtuse; nut broadly ovoid to hemispheric, 9-16 × 9-16 mm, glabrate, scar diam. 6-9.5 mm. |
Terminal | buds light reddish brown, ovoid, 4-9 mm, strongly 5-angled in cross section, puberulent throughout. |
buds reddish to purplish brown, ovoid, 2.5-5 mm, glabrous or with ciliate scale margins. |
Quercus pagoda |
Quercus hemisphaerica |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Poorly drained bottoms and mesic slopes | Moderately dry sandy soils, scrub sandhills, stream banks, occasionally on hillsides and ravines |
Elevation | 0-300 m (0-1000 ft) | 0-150 m (0-500 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
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AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA
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Discussion | Quercus pagoda is often treated as a variety of Q. falcata; it is quite distinctive, however, both morphologically and ecologically (S. A. Ware 1967; R. J. Jensen 1989). This species reportedly hybridizes with Q. falcata and Q. phellos (D. M. Hunt 1989). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Quercus hemisphaerica flowers about two weeks later than sympatric Q. laurifolia (W. H. Duncan and M. B. Duncan 1988). Most authors have treated Quercus hemisphaerica as synonymous with Q. laurifolia. M. L. Fernald (1946) carefully examined the situation and concluded that Q. hemisphaerica is a distinct entity, but C. H. Muller (1951) argued that these two taxa "...are now certainly not separable even as varieties of the same species." Later (1970), Muller recanted by recognizing Q. hemisphaerica as a common component of stream terraces along the Gulf Coast. Quercus hemisphaerica reportedly hybridizes with Q. falcata (C. H. Muller 1970); with Q. arkansana, Q. inopina, Q. marilandica, Q. myrtifolia, Q. nigra, Q. phellos, Q. pumila, and Q. shumardii (D. M. Hunt 1989); and with Q. incana (producing Q. ×sublaurifolia Trelease), and Q. laevis (producing Q. ×mellichampi Trelease). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Lobatae | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Lobatae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Q. falcata var. leucophylla, Q. falcata var. pagodifolia, Q. leucophylla, Q. pagodifolia | |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Alsogr. Amer., 23. (1838) | W. Bartram ex Willdenow: Sp. Pl. 4(1): 443. (1805) |
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