Quercus ellipsoidalis |
Quercus imbricaria |
|
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Hill's oak, Jack oak, northern pin oak |
shingle oak |
|
Habit | Trees, deciduous, to 20 m; lower trunk often with stubs of dead branches. | Trees, deciduous, to 20 m. Bark grayish brown, fissures and ridges shallow, inner bark pinkish. |
Bark | dark gray-brown, shallowly fissured, inner bark orangish. |
|
Twigs | dark reddish brown, (1-)1.5-3 mm diam., glabrous. |
greenish brown to brown, 1.5-3(-4) mm diam., glabrous or sparsely pubescent. |
Leaves | blade elliptic, 70-130 × 50-100 mm, base obtuse to truncate, margins with 5-7 deep lobes and 15-55 awns, lobes distally expanded, sinuses usually extending more than 1/2 distance to midrib, apex acute; surfaces abaxially glabrous except for minute axillary tufts of tomentum, adaxially glossy light green, glabrous, secondary veins raised on both surfaces. |
blade ovate or elliptic to obovate, usually widest near middle, 80-200 × 15-75 mm, base obtuse to cuneate, occasionally rounded, margins entire with 1 apical awn, apex acute to obtuse; surfaces abaxially uniformly pubescent, adaxially lustrous, glabrous. |
Acorns | biennial; cup narrowly turbinate to deeply cup-shaped, 6-11 mm high × 10-19 mm wide, covering 1/3-1/2 nut, outer surface reddish brown, puberulent, inner surface light brown, glabrous, rarely with ring of pubescence around scar, scales with straight or slightly concave margins, tips tightly appressed, obtuse or acute; nut ellipsoid to ovoid, rarely subglobose, 10-20 × 9-15 mm, occasionally striate, glabrous, occasionally with 1 or more faint rings of fine pits at apex, scar diam. 4-8 mm. |
biennial; cup deeply saucer-shaped to cup-shaped, 5-9 mm high × 10-18 mm wide, covering 1/3-1/2 nut, outer surface puberulent, inner surface light brown to reddish brown and glabrous or with a few hairs around nut scar, scale tips tightly appressed, acute; nut ovoid to subglobose, 9-18 × 10-18 mm, often striate, having 1 or more indistinct rings of minute pits at apex, glabrate, scar diam. 5-9 mm. |
Terminal | buds dark reddish brown, ovoid, 3-5 mm, often conspicuously 5-angled in cross section, usually silvery- or tawny-pubescent toward apex. |
buds brown to reddish brown, ovoid, 3-6 mm, distinctly 5-angled in cross section, scales minutely ciliate on margins. |
2n | = 24. |
|
Quercus ellipsoidalis |
Quercus imbricaria |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Dry sandy sites, rarely on moderately mesic slopes or uplands | Moderately dry to mesic slopes and uplands, occasionally in ravines and bottoms |
Elevation | 150-500 m (500-1600 ft) | 100-700 m (300-2300 ft) |
Distribution |
IA; IL; IN; MI; MN; OH; WI; ON
|
AR; DC; DE; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; NC; NJ; OH; PA; TN; TX; VA; WV
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Discussion | In many treatments (e.g., E. G. Voss 1972+, vol. 2), Quercus ellipsoidalis is included in Q. coccinea. Variation in fruit morphology has led to recognition of several formae (W. Trelease 1919; see also R. J. Jensen 1986) and one variety (Q. ellipsoidalis var. kaposianensis, based on specimens from St. Paul, Minnesota, in which the cup tightly encloses the nut for two-thirds its length at maturity). Quercus ellipsoidalis reportedly hybridizes with Q. rubra and Q. velutina. The Menominee used Quercus ellipsoidalis medicinally to treat suppressed menses caused by cold (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The wood of Quercus imbricaria was once an important source of shingles, hence its common name. The Cherokee used the bark of Quercus imbricaria to treat indigestion, chronic dysentery, mouth sores, chapped skin, general sores, chills and fevers, lost voice, milky urine, and as an antiseptic and a general tonic (D. E. Moerman 1986). This species reportedly hybridizes with Q. coccinea (W. H. Wagner Jr. and D. J. Schoen 1976); with Q. falcata (producing Q. ×anceps E. J. Palmer) and Q. ilicifolia (D. M. Hunt 1989); with Q. marilandica, Q. palustris, and Q. phellos (H. A. Gleason 1952); and with Q. rubra, Q. shumardii, and Q. velutina. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Lobatae | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Lobatae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Q. ellipsoidalis var. kaposianensis | |
Name authority | E. J. Hill: Bot. Gaz. 27: 204, plates 2, 3. (1899) | Michaux: Hist. Chênes Amér., no. 9, plates 15, 16. (1801) |
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