Quercus ellipsoidalis |
Quercus chapmanii |
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Hill's oak, Jack oak, northern pin oak |
Chapman oak, Chapman's oak |
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Habit | Trees, deciduous, to 20 m; lower trunk often with stubs of dead branches. | Shrubs, deciduous or subevergreen, 0.5-3(-6) m, often rhizomatous. |
Bark | dark gray-brown, shallowly fissured, inner bark orangish. |
brown, scaly. |
Twigs | dark reddish brown, (1-)1.5-3 mm diam., glabrous. |
yellowish, 1-2 mm diam., densely fine-tomentulose. |
Buds | reddish brown, globose, 1-2(-3) mm, proximal scales densely tomentulose, distal scales glabrous. |
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Leaves | blade elliptic, 70-130 × 50-100 mm, base obtuse to truncate, margins with 5-7 deep lobes and 15-55 awns, lobes distally expanded, sinuses usually extending more than 1/2 distance to midrib, apex acute; surfaces abaxially glabrous except for minute axillary tufts of tomentum, adaxially glossy light green, glabrous, secondary veins raised on both surfaces. |
blade obovate or oblanceolate, 30-70(-85) × 14-30(-45) mm, base cuneate or attenuate, margins minutely revolute, entire or sinuately lobed, sometimes obscurely 3-lobed distally or with 3-5 rounded, irregular lobes in distal 1/2, secondary veins curved, 8-9 on each side, apex ovate or triangular-lobed, often retuse; surfaces abaxially grayish or yellowish, with yellowish, erect branched hairs, these soon shed, leaving matted glandular and waxy hairs except on ± glabrate yellowish veins, adaxially bright glossy, very reflective, glabrous or with minute, scattered, stellate hairs. |
Acorns | biennial; cup narrowly turbinate to deeply cup-shaped, 6-11 mm high × 10-19 mm wide, covering 1/3-1/2 nut, outer surface reddish brown, puberulent, inner surface light brown, glabrous, rarely with ring of pubescence around scar, scales with straight or slightly concave margins, tips tightly appressed, obtuse or acute; nut ellipsoid to ovoid, rarely subglobose, 10-20 × 9-15 mm, occasionally striate, glabrous, occasionally with 1 or more faint rings of fine pits at apex, scar diam. 4-8 mm. |
1-2, on peduncle 1-6(-35) mm; cup hemispheric, 5-11 m deep × 10-15 mm wide, including 1/3-1/2 nut, scales closely appressed, gray, tomentulose; nut light brown, ovoid to barrel-shaped, 15-20 × 9-13 mm, apex rounded, glabrous or puberulent. |
Cotyledons | distinct. |
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Terminal | buds dark reddish brown, ovoid, 3-5 mm, often conspicuously 5-angled in cross section, usually silvery- or tawny-pubescent toward apex. |
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Quercus ellipsoidalis |
Quercus chapmanii |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering late winter–early spring. |
Habitat | Dry sandy sites, rarely on moderately mesic slopes or uplands | Open pine forests, scrublands, xerophytic scrub oak, on sand near coast |
Elevation | 150-500 m (500-1600 ft) | 0-100 m (0-300 ft) |
Distribution |
IA; IL; IN; MI; MN; OH; WI; ON
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FL; GA; SC
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Discussion | In many treatments (e.g., E. G. Voss 1972+, vol. 2), Quercus ellipsoidalis is included in Q. coccinea. Variation in fruit morphology has led to recognition of several formae (W. Trelease 1919; see also R. J. Jensen 1986) and one variety (Q. ellipsoidalis var. kaposianensis, based on specimens from St. Paul, Minnesota, in which the cup tightly encloses the nut for two-thirds its length at maturity). Quercus ellipsoidalis reportedly hybridizes with Q. rubra and Q. velutina. The Menominee used Quercus ellipsoidalis medicinally to treat suppressed menses caused by cold (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Lobatae | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Quercus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Q. ellipsoidalis var. kaposianensis | |
Name authority | E. J. Hill: Bot. Gaz. 27: 204, plates 2, 3. (1899) | Sargent: Gard. & Forest 8: 93. (1895) |
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