Quercus arizonica |
Quercus sadleriana |
|
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Arizona oak, Arizona white oak |
deer oak, sadler oak |
|
Habit | Trees, evergreen or subevergreen, small to moderate-sized trees, rarely to 18 m. Bark scaly. | Shrubs, evergreen, to 1-3 m, rhizomatous. |
Bark | gray, smooth. |
|
Twigs | yellowish, 1.5-2.5 mm diam., persistently felty-tomentose, eventually dingy gray. |
reddish or brown, pruinose, 3-4 mm diam., glabrous, sometimes sparsely puberulent around buds. |
Buds | dull russet-brown, ovoid, distally subacute or rounded, 3 mm, sparsely pubescent or glabrate. |
yellowish or tan, broadly ovoid or globose, 8-10 mm; scales loose, acute-ovate, silky. |
Leaves | blade elliptic or oblong to narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, planar or moderately convex, to (30-)40-80(-90) × 15-30 mm, thick and leathery, usually stiff, base cordate or rounded and weakly cordate, margins entire or coarsely toothed especially near apex, cartilaginously revolute, teeth mucronate-tipped, obscure or prominent, secondary veins ca. 7-11 on each side, branching, passing into teeth when present, apex acute to usually obtuse or broadly rounded; surfaces abaxially dull, sparsely pubescent or subtomentose with curly branched hairs, reticulate from prominent, raised secondary veins, usually glaucous where exposed, adaxially dark or bluish green, moderately lustrous, sparsely and minutely stellate-pubescent, secondary veins slightly raised or prominent within depressions or impressed. |
blade obovate or elliptic, 70-140 × 35-80 mm, base rounded or rounded-acuminate, rarely subcordate, margins serrate, not deeply lobed, teeth antrorse-acuminate, sharply mucronate, secondary veins prominent, parallel, straight, (8-)10-15 on each side, apex acuminate or acute; surfaces abaxially light green, waxy, with sparse or scattered, minute, asymmetric, appressed, 4-8-rayed stellate hairs 0.1-0.2 mm diam., and prominent raised stomates giving surface minute granular appearance, adaxially dark green, glabrous. |
Acorns | solitary or paired, subsessile, occasionally on peduncle to 15 mm; cup hemispheric or cup-shaped, 5-10(-15) mm deep × 10-15 mm wide, enclosing ca. 1/2 nut, base rounded, margin rather coarse, scales cream to brown, broadly ovate, evenly and strongly tuberculate, tomentose, tips closely appressed; nut light brown, ovoid or oblong, 8-12 mm, nearly glabrous. |
solitary or paired, subsessile; cup hemispheric or funnel-shaped, 7-9 mm deep × 10-18 mm wide, scales gray, moderately tuberculate, tips reddish brown; nut light brown, ovoid or subglobose, 15-20 × 10-15 mm. |
Cotyledons | connate. |
distinct. |
Quercus arizonica |
Quercus sadleriana |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering spring. |
Habitat | Oak and pinyon woodlands, margins of chaparral, arroyos | Open slopes in coniferous forest |
Elevation | 1300-2500(-3000) m (4300-8200(-9800) ft) | 600-2200 m (2000-7200 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, and Sonora)
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Some of the specimens previously referred to Quercus endemica by C. H. Muller belong here instead. Putative hybrids between Quercus arizonica and Q. grisea (= Q. ×organensis Trelease) are problematic in local areas of contact from southeastern Arizona to western Texas. These intermediates tend to have narrower leaves than Q. arizonica, with moderately reticulate patterns of venation, and more densely hairy leaves. Quercus arizonica and Q. grisea are amply distinct elsewhere, including large areas in northern Mexico, and they appear to be more closely related to other species than to one another (e.g., Q. arizonica with Q. oblongifolia and Q. laeta Liebmann, and Q. grisea with Q. mohriana and Q. microphylla Née). Thus, Q. arizonica and Q. grisea are best treated as distinct species that hybridize, and not as conspecific populations. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Quercus sadleriana is one of the most distinctive western oaks, with strong similarities to certain eastern North American and Asian species of Quercus with "chestnut" leaves. Its restricted distribution in the Siskiyou region and uncertain relationships suggest it is a relictual species. It hybridizes occasionally with Q. garryana var. breweri (see treatment). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. |
Parent taxa | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Quercus | Fagaceae > Quercus > sect. Quercus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Q. sacame | |
Name authority | Sargent: Gard. & Forest 8: 92. (1895) | R. Brown ter: Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, 7: 249. (1871) |
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