Pyracantha fortuneana |
Pyracantha crenulata |
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Chinese firethorn |
Himalayan or nepal firethorn, Nepalese firethorn |
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Habit | Plants 10–30 dm. | Plants 10–50 dm. |
Stems | thorns sparse to abundant; young twigs rusty-hairy (gray-hairy in 1 variation), glabrescent. |
thorns usually abundant; young twigs brown-hairy, glabrescent later. |
Leaves | stipules 3–8 mm; petiole 2–5 mm; blade oblanceolate or obovate, 1.5–6 × 0.5–2.5 cm, base cuneate, margins remotely serrulate or crenulate, often entire proximally, apex obtuse, emarginate, or short-apiculate, surfaces glabrate. |
stipules 2–4 mm; petiole 2–6 mm; blade elliptic, oblong, or oblanceolate, sometimes ovate-lanceolate, 1–7 × 0.4–1.8 cm, base rounded to cuneate, margins crenulate to sparsely serrulate, apex acute or short-apiculate, sometimes obtuse, surfaces glabrous or nearly so. |
Inflorescences | 3–4 cm diam. |
2–5 cm diam.; peduncles brown-hairy or glabrous. |
Pedicels | 2–8 mm, usually glabrate, rarely sparsely appressed brown- or gray-hairy. |
4–10 mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | 4–12 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrate, rarely slightly hairy; sepals triangular, 1–1.5 mm, apex obtuse; petals suborbiculate, 3–4 mm, apex rounded. |
6–10 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals triangular, 1 mm, apex acute; petals orbiculate, 3–5 mm, apex rounded. |
Pomes | orange-red to dark red, 3–6 mm diam.; pedicels 2–10 mm. |
orange-yellow, orange, or red, subglobose, 3–8 mm diam.; pedicels 5–12 mm. |
2n | = 34 (China). |
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Pyracantha fortuneana |
Pyracantha crenulata |
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Phenology | Flowering Feb–May; fruiting Sep–Mar. | Flowering Mar–May; fruiting Aug–Oct. |
Habitat | Disturbed ground, roadsides, canyons, woodland edges, open forests, riparian areas | Canyons |
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CA; FL; GA; LA; NC; OR; SC; TX; WA; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Europe (England), Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand), Australia]
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Asia [Introduced, Calif.; introduced also in Europe, e Asia (Japan), Africa (South Africa), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia] |
Discussion | Pyracantha fortuneana is native to central and western China. It is variable in the amount of toothing on the leaf blades and color of the hairs on new growth. Plants having grayish hairs on young twigs rather than the usual rusty or brownish hairs have been attributed to the taxon P. rogersiana, which has also been interpreted as a variety of P. crenulata. It is insufficiently distinct to separate from P. fortuneana among the specimens examined. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Pyracantha crenulata is native to southwestern China, India, Kashmir, and Nepal. A dwarf variant has been called var. kansuensis and is reported as native to China (A. J. Rehder 1949; Gu C. Z. and S. A. Spongberg 2003b); it is distinguished by its short stature (rarely exceeding 2 m), abundantly thorny branches, small leaf blades (1–2.5 × 0.4–0.8 cm), and small (3–5 mm diam.) red pomes. Its presence among the naturalized records of P. crenulata in California is suggested, but its morphology is not clearly distinctive. G. L. Nesom (2010) suggested P. fortuneana was not distinct from P. crenulata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 469. | FNA vol. 9, p. 470. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Pyracantha | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Pyracantha |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Photinia fortuneana, P. crenatoserrata, P. crenulata var. rogersiana, P. rogersiana, P. yunnanensis | Mespilus crenulata, Cotoneaster crenulatus, Crataegus crenulata, C. pyracantha var. crenulata, P. chinensis, P. crenulata var. kansuensis |
Name authority | (Maximowicz) H. L. Li: J. Arnold Arbor. 25: 420. (1944) | (D. Don) M. Roemer: Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 220. (1847) |
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