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European alkali grass, puccinellie a fleurs distantes, spreading alkali grass, weeping alkaligrass

puccinellie engainée, sheath alkali grass

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose, not mat-forming. Plants perennial; cespitose, not mat-forming.
Culms

5-60 cm, erect to decumbent.

(6)9-20 (35) cm, erect or decumbent.

Leaves

basally concentrated on small plants, distributed along the culms in larger plants;

ligules 1-3 mm, acute, obtuse, or truncate, entire;

blades 1-2 mm wide when flat, 0.5-1.6 mm in diameter when involute.

Panicles

2.5-20 cm, diffuse at maturity, lower branches horizontal to descending, spikelets usually confined to the distal 2/3, pedicels scabrous, lacking tumid epidermal cells.

(3)6-12(14) cm, diffuse or contracted and usually barely exserted from the sheaths at maturity, lower branches ascending to horizontal, spikelets usually confined to the distal 2/3;

pedicels slightly scabrous, epidermal cells tumid.

Spikelets

2.5-7 mm, with 2-7 florets.

4-8 mm, with (2)4-5(6) florets.

Glumes

rounded over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to truncate;

lower glumes 0.4-1.3 mm;

upper glumes 0.9-1.8 mm;

calluses with a few hairs;

lemmas 1.5-2(2.2) mm, mostly herbaceous, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the lower 1/2, principally along the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, apical margins hyaline and often yellowish, uniformly and densely scabrous, apices widely obtuse to truncate, entire;

palea veins shortly ciliate proximally, glabrous, sometimes scabrous distally;

anthers 0.4-0.8 mm.

rounded over the back, veins distinct or obscure, margins not inrolled, apices broadly acute or obtuse;

lower glumes 1.3-2.1 mm;

upper glumes 1.3-2.6(3.4) mm;

calluses with a few hairs;

lemmas 2.8-4 mm, herbaceous, thin, often translucent, bases hairy, particularly on the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, lateral margins usually not inrolled, apical margins uniformly and densely scabrous, apices broadly acute or obtuse, entire or slightly erose;

palea veins glabrous proximally, scabrous distally;

anthers 0.7-1.1(1.2) mm.

Ligules

0.8-1.2 mm, obtuse to truncate, usually entire;

blades 1-7 mm wide, flat to involute.

2n

= 14, 28, 42.

= 56.

Puccinellia distans

Puccinellia vaginata

Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; MB; NF; NT; NU; ON; QC; YT; Greenland
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Puccinellia distans is a Eurasian native, reportedly introduced in North America, where it is widespread, particularly as a weed in non-littoral environments, including the margins of salted roads. It is also found occasionally in coastal environments.

A specimen in the Smithsonian Institution attributed to Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr. by Scribner and Merrill (1910) is a robust example of P. distans; others of this taxon in North America remain to be investigated. Puccinellia hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) Kitag. has been reduced to P. distans subsp. hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) W.E. Hughes. This taxon may represent a tetraploid component of P. distans; several specimens identified as P. hauptiana in Eurasia have a tetraploid chromosome count. Specimens from Alaska, the Yukon, and Saskatchewan, identified as P. hauptiana on the basis of their relatively narrow leaves (1-2 mm wide) and small anthers (0.5-0.6 mm), appear to be native in these regions and require further study with regard to their relationship with P. distans.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Puccinellia vaginata is a widespread North American arctic species. It is locally common in Greenland to about 78° N latitude; it is uncommon in Canada, where it is found primarily in the low arctic, rarely in the high arctic. One specimen is reported from eastern Siberia. It grows on coastal marine sediments and on eroding, raised marine sediments inland, and forms large tussocks near bird cliffs.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 473. FNA vol. 24, p. 477.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia
Sibling taxa
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. fasciculata, P. groenlandica, P. howellii, P. lemmonii, P. maritima, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vaginata, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. distans, P. fasciculata, P. groenlandica, P. howellii, P. lemmonii, P. maritima, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
Synonyms P. retroflexa, P. hauptiana P. vaginata var. paradoxa, P. angustata var. vaginata
Name authority (Jacq.) Pari (Lange) Fernald & Weath.
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