Puccinellia distans
Puccinellia tenella
European alkali grass, puccinellie a fleurs distantes, spreading alkali grass, weeping alkaligrass
tundra alkali grass
5-60 cm, erect to decumbent.
3-16 cm, erect.
2.5-20 cm, diffuse at maturity, lower branches horizontal to descending, spikelets usually confined to the distal 2/3, pedicels scabrous, lacking tumid epidermal cells.
1.6-5.5 cm, usually contracted, sometimes diffuse, lower branches erect or ascending, spikelets usually confined to the distal 1/2;
pedicels smooth, with tumid epidermal cells.
2.5-7 mm, with 2-7 florets.
3.5-7 mm, with 3-6 florets.
rounded over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to truncate;
lower glumes 0.4-1.3 mm;
upper glumes 0.9-1.8 mm;
calluses with a few hairs;
lemmas 1.5-2(2.2) mm, mostly herbaceous, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the lower 1/2, principally along the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, apical margins hyaline and often yellowish, uniformly and densely scabrous, apices widely obtuse to truncate, entire;
palea veins shortly ciliate proximally, glabrous, sometimes scabrous distally;
anthers 0.4-0.8 mm.
slightly keeled over the back, veins distinct, apices acuminate to acute;
lower glumes 0.7-1.3 mm;
upper glumes 1.3-1.8 mm;
calluses glabrous or with 5 or fewer hairs shorter than 0.1 mm;
lemmas 2-2.5 mm, herbaceous, usually purple with whitish margins, smooth, glabrous or with a few hairs on the bases of the lateral veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins distinct, not extending to the margins, apical margins smooth, apices obtuse to truncate, entire or slightly erose;
palea veins smooth, glabrous;
anthers 0.6-0.9 mm.
0.8-1.2 mm, obtuse to truncate, usually entire;
blades 1-7 mm wide, flat to involute.
0.5-1.7 mm, acute, obtuse, or truncate, entire;
blades usually involute and 0.4-0.7 mm in diameter, occasionally flat and 0.5-1.5 mm wide.
= 14, 28, 42.
= 14.
Puccinellia distans
Puccinellia tenella
Puccinellia distans is a Eurasian native, reportedly introduced in North America, where it is widespread, particularly as a weed in non-littoral environments, including the margins of salted roads. It is also found occasionally in coastal environments.
A specimen in the Smithsonian Institution attributed to Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr. by Scribner and Merrill (1910) is a robust example of P. distans; others of this taxon in North America remain to be investigated. Puccinellia hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) Kitag. has been reduced to P. distans subsp. hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) W.E. Hughes. This taxon may represent a tetraploid component of P. distans; several specimens identified as P. hauptiana in Eurasia have a tetraploid chromosome count. Specimens from Alaska, the Yukon, and Saskatchewan, identified as P. hauptiana on the basis of their relatively narrow leaves (1-2 mm wide) and small anthers (0.5-0.6 mm), appear to be native in these regions and require further study with regard to their relationship with P. distans.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Puccinellia tenella is a halophytic, circumpolar subarctic and low arctic species. It is found above the high tide zone on sandy spits, in salt marshes, in silty soils, and among granitic rocks to 30 m above sea level. The above description applies to P. tenella subsp. langeana (Berlin) Tzevlev, the only subspecies in the Flora region. Puccinellia alaskana Scribn. &; Merr., considered a subspecies of P. langeana (Berlin) T.J. Sørensen ex Hulten [= P. tenella] by Sørensen (1953), has acute lemmas and hairs on the palea. It is discussed under P. pumila (see p. 471).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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