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European alkali grass, puccinellie a fleurs distantes, spreading alkali grass, weeping alkaligrass

coast alkaligrass, common saltmarsh grass, puccinellie maritime, seaside alkali grass

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose, not mat-forming. Plants perennial; cespitose, often stoloniferous, not mat-forming.
Culms

5-60 cm, erect to decumbent.

20-100 cm, erect to decumbent.

Panicles

2.5-20 cm, diffuse at maturity, lower branches horizontal to descending, spikelets usually confined to the distal 2/3, pedicels scabrous, lacking tumid epidermal cells.

3-30 cm, compact to diffuse at maturity, lower branches erect to descending, spikelet-bearing from about midlength;

pedicels usually densely scabrous, occasionally with only a few scattered scabrules, often with tumid epidermal cells.

Spikelets

2.5-7 mm, with 2-7 florets.

5.5-13 mm, with 4-9 florets.

Glumes

rounded over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to truncate;

lower glumes 0.4-1.3 mm;

upper glumes 0.9-1.8 mm;

calluses with a few hairs;

lemmas 1.5-2(2.2) mm, mostly herbaceous, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the lower 1/2, principally along the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, apical margins hyaline and often yellowish, uniformly and densely scabrous, apices widely obtuse to truncate, entire;

palea veins shortly ciliate proximally, glabrous, sometimes scabrous distally;

anthers 0.4-0.8 mm.

rounded over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to obtuse;

lower glumes 2-3.4 mm;

upper glumes 3-4.5 mm;

calluses with few to many hairs;

lemmas 3-5 mm, slightly to markedly coriaceous throughout, sparsely to densely hairy in the lower 1/2, principally along the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, usually not extending to the margins, sometimes the midvein doing so, apical margins usually smooth, sometimes with a few scattered scabrules, occasionally densely scabrous, apices acute to obtuse, entire;

palea veins ciliate proximally, scabrous to short-ciliate distally;

anthers 1.5-2.6 mm.

Ligules

0.8-1.2 mm, obtuse to truncate, usually entire;

blades 1-7 mm wide, flat to involute.

1-3.5 mm, obtuse to truncate, entire;

blades 2-4.4 mm wide, flat to involute.

2n

= 14, 28, 42.

= 14-77, usually 56.

Puccinellia distans

Puccinellia maritima

Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CT; DE; MA; ME; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; WA; NB; NS; PE; QC; Greenland
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Puccinellia distans is a Eurasian native, reportedly introduced in North America, where it is widespread, particularly as a weed in non-littoral environments, including the margins of salted roads. It is also found occasionally in coastal environments.

A specimen in the Smithsonian Institution attributed to Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr. by Scribner and Merrill (1910) is a robust example of P. distans; others of this taxon in North America remain to be investigated. Puccinellia hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) Kitag. has been reduced to P. distans subsp. hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) W.E. Hughes. This taxon may represent a tetraploid component of P. distans; several specimens identified as P. hauptiana in Eurasia have a tetraploid chromosome count. Specimens from Alaska, the Yukon, and Saskatchewan, identified as P. hauptiana on the basis of their relatively narrow leaves (1-2 mm wide) and small anthers (0.5-0.6 mm), appear to be native in these regions and require further study with regard to their relationship with P. distans.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Puccinellia maritima grows in coastal environments in North America and Greenland. It is native to Europe; most or all occurrences in the Flora region are probably the result of human introduction.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 473. FNA vol. 24, p. 463.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia
Sibling taxa
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. fasciculata, P. groenlandica, P. howellii, P. lemmonii, P. maritima, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vaginata, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. distans, P. fasciculata, P. groenlandica, P. howellii, P. lemmonii, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vaginata, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
Synonyms P. retroflexa, P. hauptiana P. americana
Name authority (Jacq.) Pari (Huds.) Pari.
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