The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

European alkali grass, puccinellie a fleurs distantes, spreading alkali grass, weeping alkaligrass

Howell's alkali grass

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose, not mat-forming. Plants perennial; cespitose, not mat-forming.
Culms

5-60 cm, erect to decumbent.

7-40 cm, erect to ascending.

Panicles

2.5-20 cm, diffuse at maturity, lower branches horizontal to descending, spikelets usually confined to the distal 2/3, pedicels scabrous, lacking tumid epidermal cells.

2-13 cm, compact to diffuse at maturity, lower branches erect to descending, spikelet-bearing from near the base or confined to the distal 1/2;

pedicels smooth or with a few scattered scabrules, sometimes with tumid epidermal cells.

Spikelets

2.5-7 mm, with 2-7 florets.

3-8 mm, with (1)2-5 florets.

Glumes

rounded over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to truncate;

lower glumes 0.4-1.3 mm;

upper glumes 0.9-1.8 mm;

calluses with a few hairs;

lemmas 1.5-2(2.2) mm, mostly herbaceous, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the lower 1/2, principally along the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, apical margins hyaline and often yellowish, uniformly and densely scabrous, apices widely obtuse to truncate, entire;

palea veins shortly ciliate proximally, glabrous, sometimes scabrous distally;

anthers 0.4-0.8 mm.

rounded or weakly keeled over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to obtuse;

lower glumes 0.8-1.9 mm;

upper glumes 1.7-2.5 mm;

calluses with a few hairs;

lemmas 2.4-3.3 mm, herbaceous, glabrous or with a few hairs near the base, principally along the veins, backs rounded or weakly keeled distally, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, apical margins uniformly and densely scabrous, apices acute to obtuse, entire;

palea veins smooth and glabrous proximally, smooth or scabrous distally;

anthers 1.5-2 mm.

Ligules

0.8-1.2 mm, obtuse to truncate, usually entire;

blades 1-7 mm wide, flat to involute.

1.5-2.7 mm, obtuse, entire or minutely and irregularly serrate;

blades involute, 1.4-2.2 mm wide when flattened.

2n

= 14, 28, 42.

= unknown.

Puccinellia distans

Puccinellia howellii

Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Puccinellia distans is a Eurasian native, reportedly introduced in North America, where it is widespread, particularly as a weed in non-littoral environments, including the margins of salted roads. It is also found occasionally in coastal environments.

A specimen in the Smithsonian Institution attributed to Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr. by Scribner and Merrill (1910) is a robust example of P. distans; others of this taxon in North America remain to be investigated. Puccinellia hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) Kitag. has been reduced to P. distans subsp. hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) W.E. Hughes. This taxon may represent a tetraploid component of P. distans; several specimens identified as P. hauptiana in Eurasia have a tetraploid chromosome count. Specimens from Alaska, the Yukon, and Saskatchewan, identified as P. hauptiana on the basis of their relatively narrow leaves (1-2 mm wide) and small anthers (0.5-0.6 mm), appear to be native in these regions and require further study with regard to their relationship with P. distans.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Puccinellia howellii is known only from the type locality in Shasta County, California, where it is a dominant element of the vegetation associated with a group of three mineralized seeps. Isozyme profiles suggest that it is a polyploid.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 473. FNA vol. 24, p. 475.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia
Sibling taxa
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. fasciculata, P. groenlandica, P. howellii, P. lemmonii, P. maritima, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vaginata, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. distans, P. fasciculata, P. groenlandica, P. lemmonii, P. maritima, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vaginata, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
Synonyms P. retroflexa, P. hauptiana
Name authority (Jacq.) Pari J.I. Davis
Web links