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European alkali grass, puccinellie a fleurs distantes, spreading alkali grass, weeping alkaligrass

Borrer's saltmarsh grass, saltmarsh alkali grass

Habit Plants perennial; cespitose, not mat-forming. Plants short-lived perennials; cespitose, not mat-forming.
Culms

5-60 cm, erect to decumbent.

10-65 cm, usually decumbent and geniculate, sometimes erect.

Panicles

2.5-20 cm, diffuse at maturity, lower branches horizontal to descending, spikelets usually confined to the distal 2/3, pedicels scabrous, lacking tumid epidermal cells.

4-16 cm, compact to diffuse at maturity, linear to pyramidal, lower branches ascending to erect, spikelet-bearing nearly to the base;

pedicels slightly to densely scabrous, often with tumid epidermal cells.

Spikelets

2.5-7 mm, with 2-7 florets.

3-6 mm, with 2-6 florets.

Glumes

rounded over the back, veins obscure, apices acute to truncate;

lower glumes 0.4-1.3 mm;

upper glumes 0.9-1.8 mm;

calluses with a few hairs;

lemmas 1.5-2(2.2) mm, mostly herbaceous, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the lower 1/2, principally along the veins, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, not extending to the margins, apical margins hyaline and often yellowish, uniformly and densely scabrous, apices widely obtuse to truncate, entire;

palea veins shortly ciliate proximally, glabrous, sometimes scabrous distally;

anthers 0.4-0.8 mm.

rounded over the back, veins prominent to obscure, apices acute to obtuse;

lower glumes 0.8-1.6 mm;

upper glumes 1.2-2.3 mm;

calluses with a few hairs;

lemmas 1.8-3 mm, slightly to markedly coriaceous throughout, glabrous or with a few hairs near the base, backs rounded, 5-veined, veins obscure, midveins usually excurrent, sometimes ending at the margins, apices acute to obtuse, entire, apical margins smooth or with a few scattered scabrules;

palea veins glabrous proximally, scabrous to shortly hispid near midlength, scabrous distally;

anthers 0.6-1 mm.

Ligules

0.8-1.2 mm, obtuse to truncate, usually entire;

blades 1-7 mm wide, flat to involute.

1-2 mm, obtuse to truncate, entire;

blades 2-7 mm wide, flat, folded, or involute.

2n

= 14, 28, 42.

= 28.

Puccinellia distans

Puccinellia fasciculata

Distribution
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Greenland
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CT; DE; MA; MD; ME; NH; NJ; NV; NY; PA; RI; UT; VA; NS; ON; PE
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Puccinellia distans is a Eurasian native, reportedly introduced in North America, where it is widespread, particularly as a weed in non-littoral environments, including the margins of salted roads. It is also found occasionally in coastal environments.

A specimen in the Smithsonian Institution attributed to Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr. by Scribner and Merrill (1910) is a robust example of P. distans; others of this taxon in North America remain to be investigated. Puccinellia hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) Kitag. has been reduced to P. distans subsp. hauptiana (Trin. ex V.I. Krecz.) W.E. Hughes. This taxon may represent a tetraploid component of P. distans; several specimens identified as P. hauptiana in Eurasia have a tetraploid chromosome count. Specimens from Alaska, the Yukon, and Saskatchewan, identified as P. hauptiana on the basis of their relatively narrow leaves (1-2 mm wide) and small anthers (0.5-0.6 mm), appear to be native in these regions and require further study with regard to their relationship with P. distans.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Puccinellia fasciculata is native to Europe. In the Flora region, it is found principally along the east coast, but it is also established at a few sites in Arizona and Utah, and has been reported from Nevada. All occurrences in the Flora region are probably the result of human introductions.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 24, p. 473. FNA vol. 24, p. 463.
Parent taxa Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Puccinellia
Sibling taxa
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. fasciculata, P. groenlandica, P. howellii, P. lemmonii, P. maritima, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vaginata, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
P. andersonii, P. angustata, P. arctica, P. bruggemannii, P. distans, P. groenlandica, P. howellii, P. lemmonii, P. maritima, P. nutkaensis, P. nuttalliana, P. parishii, P. phryganodes, P. pumila, P. rupestris, P. simplex, P. tenella, P. vaginata, P. vahliana, P. wrightii
Synonyms P. retroflexa, P. hauptiana
Name authority (Jacq.) Pari (Torr.) E.P. Bicknell
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