Prunus padus
Prunus havardii
bird cherry, European bird cherry, hackberry
Havard's almond, Havard's plum
with terminal end buds, glabrous or puberulent.
with axillary end buds, puberulent.
deciduous;
petiole 8–17 mm, glabrous or puberulent on adaxial surface or both surfaces, glandular distally, glands 1–4;
blade elliptic to obovate, 5–10(–13) × 2.5–4.5(–7) cm, base obtuse to rounded or subcordate, margins serrate, teeth ascending to spreading, sharp, eglandular, apex acuminate to abruptly so, lateral veins 10–18 per side, raised abaxially, surfaces glabrous or abaxial hairy in vein axils or along midribs.
deciduous;
petiole 1–3 mm, glabrous or puberulent, eglandular;
blade rhombic, obovate, or fan-shaped, 0.5–1.6(–2) × 0.2–0.8(–1.4) cm, base broadly obtuse or rounded to nearly truncate, margins serrate or dentate in distal 1/2, teeth blunt to sharp, some callus-tipped, rarely glandular, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces puberulent.
15–50-flowered, racemes;
central axes 45–150 mm, leafy at bases.
solitary flowers.
3–17 mm, glabrous.
0 mm.
blooming after leaf emergence;
hypanthium cupulate, 2–2.5 mm, glabrous externally;
sepals broadly spreading to reflexed, oblong-ovate, 1.2–2 mm (lengths greater than widths), margins glandular-toothed, surfaces glabrous;
petals white, obovate to suborbiculate, (5–)6–9 mm;
ovaries glabrous.
unisexual, plants dioecious, blooming at leaf emergence;
hypanthium campanulate, 2.5–3 mm, glabrous externally;
sepals spreading to reflexed, triangular, 0.7–1 mm, margins entire, sparsely ciliate, surfaces glabrate;
petals white, obovate, 2 mm;
ovaries hairy.
black, globose, 6–8 mm, glabrous;
hypanthium deciduous, leaving discs at bases of drupes;
mesocarps fleshy;
stones subglobose, not flattened, rugulose.
reddish brown, ovoid, 8–11 mm, puberulent;
hypanthium tardily deciduous;
mesocarps leathery to dry (splitting);
stones ovoid, slightly flattened.
= 32.
Prunus padus
Prunus havardii
Prunus padus is cultivated in North America as an ornamental prized for its long, showy racemes of white flowers and its cold hardiness. Its value in the upper Midwest is often compromised by fungal infection causing black knot disease.
Prunus padus is difficult to distinguish from P. virginiana var. demissa, at least from herbarium material. Induments of hypanthium interior have been widely used in keys to separate the two: hairy in P. padus versus glabrous in P. virginiana. As noted by E. G. Voss (1972–1996, vol. 2), many of the specimens of P. virginiana have a pubescent hypanthium, especially basally. This is true throughout the range of P. virginiana, and also for some specimens of P. serotina. The hypanthia of P. padus are more hairy than those of P. virginiana. The petals of P. padus are longer than those of eastern chokecherry (P. virginiana var. virginiana), making it possible to distinguish flowering specimens from east of the Rocky Mountains. The petals are only slightly longer, on average, than those of P. virginiana var. demissa. Petals of P. padus are also a bit narrower and more elliptic. Shape of sepals may prove useful: 1.2–2 mm with lengths greater than widths in P. padus versus 0.7–1.4 mm with lengths equal to widths in P. virginiana var. demissa. In fruit, the difference between rugulose stones of P. padus and smooth stones of P. virginiana is subtle, perhaps too subtle for those unfamiliar with the range in variation of pit surfaces among these taxa.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Prunus havardii is endemic to the Chihuahuan Desert of trans-Pecos Texas and across the Rio Grande in Mexico, with most collections from the Big Bend area.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
BC
WA
Flora NW
IL Wildflowers
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
