Prunus cerasifera |
Prunus subhirtella |
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cherry plum, myrobalan, myrobalan plum, purple leaf plum |
Higan cherry, winter-flowering cherry |
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Habit | Trees, sometimes suckering, 40–80 dm, not or slightly thorny. | Trees, not suckering, 30–100 dm, not thorny. |
Twigs | with axillary end buds, glabrous. |
with terminal end buds, hairy. |
Leaves | deciduous; petiole 5–20 mm, glabrous except for a few hairs on adaxial surface, eglandular; blade ovate, elliptic, or obovate, 3–7 × 1.5–3.5 cm, base obtuse, margins singly to doubly crenate-serrate, teeth blunt, glandular, apex obtuse to acute, abaxial surface hairy along midribs and veins, adaxial glabrous. |
deciduous; petiole 5–10 mm, hairy, glandular distally or on margins at bases of blades; blade elliptic, oblong-ovate, or ovate, 3–8 × 1.5–4 cm, base obtuse, margins doubly serrate, teeth sharp, glandular, apex acuminate, abaxial surface hairy along midribs and veins, adaxial glabrous or with appressed hairs along midrib. |
Inflorescences | usually solitary flowers, sometimes 2-flowered fascicles. |
2–5-flowered, umbellate fascicles. |
Pedicels | (4–)10–18 mm, glabrous. |
8–22 mm, hairy. |
Flowers | blooming before leaf emergence; hypanthium campanulate, 2–4 mm, glabrous externally; sepals reflexed to spreading, oblong-ovate, 2–4 mm, margins glandular-toothed to nearly entire, eciliate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hairy at bases; petals white (reddish pink in cultivars), elliptic to suborbiculate, 7–14 mm; ovaries glabrous. |
blooming before leaf emergence; hypanthium tubular to tubular-urceolate, 4–7 mm, hairy externally; sepals erect to spreading, oblong-ovate, 2–5 mm, margins toothed, sometimes glandular, abaxial surface sparsely hairy, adaxial glabrous; petals pale pink, oblong to obovate, 8–12 mm; ovaries glabrous. |
Drupes | purple-red to yellow, sometimes glaucous, ovoid, ellipsoid, or globose, 15–30 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ellipsoid to ovoid, ± to strongly flattened. |
black, subglobose, 8 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ellipsoid, not flattened. |
2n | = 16. |
= 24 (Japan). |
Prunus cerasifera |
Prunus subhirtella |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–Apr; fruiting Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Apr; fruiting Jun. |
Habitat | Roadsides, stream banks, canyons, chaparral | Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings |
Elevation | 0–900 m (0–3000 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MA; MD; NH; NY; OH; OR; PA; WA; BC; ON; se Europe [Introduced in North America]
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DC; OH; VA; e Asia (Japan) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | The purple-leaved, pink-flowered cultivars of Prunus cerasifera are especially popular for ornamental use. The earliest purple form was introduced into European gardens about 1880 by M. Pissard, gardener to the Shah of Iran. Prunus cerasifera is widely used as a rootstock for commercial plums. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 375. | FNA vol. 9, p. 369. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Amygdaleae > Prunus | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Amygdaleae > Prunus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Ehrhart: Gartenkalender 4: 192. (1784) | Miquel: Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 91. (1865) |
Web links |
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