Prunus angustifolia |
Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae |
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Cherokee plum, Chickasaw plum, Chickasaw plume, Florida sand plum, sandhill plum |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, often suckering, 10–50 dm, thorny. | Shrubs or trees; sometimes armed. |
Twigs | with axillary end buds, glabrous. |
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Leaves | deciduous; petiole 2–14 mm, usually sparsely hairy on adaxial surface, rarely glabrous or hairy on both surfaces, usually eglandular, sometimes glandular distally, glands 1–2; blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, usually folded along midribs, often ± falcate, 1.5–6 × 0.8–2 cm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins crenulate-serrulate, teeth blunt, glandular, glands reddish orange, conic, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrate with hairs along midribs and major veins, adaxial glabrous. |
alternate, simple; stipules deciduous, free; venation pinnate. |
Inflorescences | 2–4-flowered, umbellate fascicles. |
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Pedicels | 3–10 mm, glabrous. |
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Flowers | blooming before, sometimes at, leaf emergence; hypanthium campanulate, 1.5–3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely hairy, externally; sepals erect to spreading, ovate, 1–2 mm, margins entire, sparsely ciliate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hairy; petals white, suborbiculate to obovate, 3–6 mm; ovaries glabrous. |
perianth and androecium perigynous; epicalyx bractlets absent; hypanthium cup-shaped, obconic, campanulate, or tubular; torus absent; carpel 1, distinct, free, style terminal, distinct; ovules 2 (1 abortive), apical, collateral (obturator present). |
Fruits | drupes; styles deciduous, not elongate. |
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Drupes | red to yellow, lightly glaucous, globose to ellipsoid, 15–20 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ovoid, ± flattened. |
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2n | = 16. |
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Prunus angustifolia |
Rosaceae tribe Amygdaleae |
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Phenology | Flowering Feb–Apr; fruiting May–Aug. | |
Habitat | Thickets, upland sandy soil, open woods, sand dunes, fence rows, pastures, roadsides, stream bottoms | |
Elevation | 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NM; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; Eurasia; Africa; Australia [Widely introduced] |
Discussion | A naturalized population of Prunus angustifolia in Santa Barbara County, California, has been extirpated. Prunus angustifolia is one of the more distinctive plum species in North America. The leaves are relatively small, usually folded along their midribs, and have relatively large, reddish orange, conic glands along the margins. When it hybridizes with other plums, the hybrids often have distinctive characteristics and have been named as species more often than hybrids not involving P. angustifolia: P. ×orthosepala Koehne (angustifolia × americana), P. ×slavinii E. J. Palmer ex Rehder (angustifolia × gracilis), P. ×utahensis Koehne (angustifolia × pumila var. besseyi); see also discussion under 42. P. rivularis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Genus 1, species 200+ (44 in the flora). The base chromosome number for Amygdaleae is x = 8. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 381. | FNA vol. 9, p. 352. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Amygdaleae > Prunus | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. angustifolia subsp. varians, P. angustifolia var. watsonii | |
Name authority | Marshall: Arbust. Amer., 111. (1785) | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 529. (1825) |
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