Prunus angustifolia |
Prunus subhirtella |
|
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Cherokee plum, Chickasaw plum, Chickasaw plume, Florida sand plum, sandhill plum |
Higan cherry, winter-flowering cherry |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, often suckering, 10–50 dm, thorny. | Trees, not suckering, 30–100 dm, not thorny. |
Twigs | with axillary end buds, glabrous. |
with terminal end buds, hairy. |
Leaves | deciduous; petiole 2–14 mm, usually sparsely hairy on adaxial surface, rarely glabrous or hairy on both surfaces, usually eglandular, sometimes glandular distally, glands 1–2; blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, usually folded along midribs, often ± falcate, 1.5–6 × 0.8–2 cm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins crenulate-serrulate, teeth blunt, glandular, glands reddish orange, conic, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrate with hairs along midribs and major veins, adaxial glabrous. |
deciduous; petiole 5–10 mm, hairy, glandular distally or on margins at bases of blades; blade elliptic, oblong-ovate, or ovate, 3–8 × 1.5–4 cm, base obtuse, margins doubly serrate, teeth sharp, glandular, apex acuminate, abaxial surface hairy along midribs and veins, adaxial glabrous or with appressed hairs along midrib. |
Inflorescences | 2–4-flowered, umbellate fascicles. |
2–5-flowered, umbellate fascicles. |
Pedicels | 3–10 mm, glabrous. |
8–22 mm, hairy. |
Flowers | blooming before, sometimes at, leaf emergence; hypanthium campanulate, 1.5–3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely hairy, externally; sepals erect to spreading, ovate, 1–2 mm, margins entire, sparsely ciliate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hairy; petals white, suborbiculate to obovate, 3–6 mm; ovaries glabrous. |
blooming before leaf emergence; hypanthium tubular to tubular-urceolate, 4–7 mm, hairy externally; sepals erect to spreading, oblong-ovate, 2–5 mm, margins toothed, sometimes glandular, abaxial surface sparsely hairy, adaxial glabrous; petals pale pink, oblong to obovate, 8–12 mm; ovaries glabrous. |
Drupes | red to yellow, lightly glaucous, globose to ellipsoid, 15–20 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ovoid, ± flattened. |
black, subglobose, 8 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ellipsoid, not flattened. |
2n | = 16. |
= 24 (Japan). |
Prunus angustifolia |
Prunus subhirtella |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–Apr; fruiting May–Aug. | Flowering Mar–Apr; fruiting Jun. |
Habitat | Thickets, upland sandy soil, open woods, sand dunes, fence rows, pastures, roadsides, stream bottoms | Disturbed sites, abandoned plantings |
Elevation | 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NM; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
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DC; OH; VA; e Asia (Japan) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | A naturalized population of Prunus angustifolia in Santa Barbara County, California, has been extirpated. Prunus angustifolia is one of the more distinctive plum species in North America. The leaves are relatively small, usually folded along their midribs, and have relatively large, reddish orange, conic glands along the margins. When it hybridizes with other plums, the hybrids often have distinctive characteristics and have been named as species more often than hybrids not involving P. angustifolia: P. ×orthosepala Koehne (angustifolia × americana), P. ×slavinii E. J. Palmer ex Rehder (angustifolia × gracilis), P. ×utahensis Koehne (angustifolia × pumila var. besseyi); see also discussion under 42. P. rivularis. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 381. | FNA vol. 9, p. 369. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Amygdaleae > Prunus | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Amygdaleae > Prunus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. angustifolia subsp. varians, P. angustifolia var. watsonii | |
Name authority | Marshall: Arbust. Amer., 111. (1785) | Miquel: Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 91. (1865) |
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