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Cherokee plum, Chickasaw plum, Chickasaw plume, Florida sand plum, sandhill plum

Portugal laurel

Habit Shrubs or trees, often suckering, 10–50 dm, thorny. Shrubs or trees, not suckering, 30–80(–200) dm, not thorny.
Twigs

with axillary end buds, glabrous.

with terminal end buds, glabrous.

Leaves

deciduous;

petiole 2–14 mm, usually sparsely hairy on adaxial surface, rarely glabrous or hairy on both surfaces, usually eglandular, sometimes glandular distally, glands 1–2;

blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, usually folded along midribs, often ± falcate, 1.5–6 × 0.8–2 cm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins crenulate-serrulate, teeth blunt, glandular, glands reddish orange, conic, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrate with hairs along midribs and major veins, adaxial glabrous.

persistent;

petiole 14–20 mm, glabrous, eglandular;

blade elliptic, oblong-ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, 6–13 × 2.5–7 cm, base obtuse to rounded, margins crenate-dentate, teeth blunt, glandular, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous, abaxial eglandular, if glands present, restricted to margins.

Inflorescences

2–4-flowered, umbellate fascicles.

18–60[–100]-flowered, racemes;

central axes 100–280 mm, leafless at bases.

Pedicels

3–10 mm, glabrous.

7–15(–22) mm, glabrous.

Flowers

blooming before, sometimes at, leaf emergence;

hypanthium campanulate, 1.5–3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely hairy, externally;

sepals erect to spreading, ovate, 1–2 mm, margins entire, sparsely ciliate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hairy;

petals white, suborbiculate to obovate, 3–6 mm;

ovaries glabrous.

blooming after leaf emergence;

hypanthium cupulate, 2.5–3.5 mm, glabrous externally;

sepals spreading to reflexed, semicircular, 1–1.5 mm, margins entire, ± ciliate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hairy;

petals white, suborbiculate to obovate, 4–7 mm;

ovaries glabrous.

Drupes

red to yellow, lightly glaucous, globose to ellipsoid, 15–20 mm, glabrous;

mesocarps fleshy;

stones ovoid, ± flattened.

dark purple, ovoid to conic-ovoid, 8–12 mm, glabrous;

mesocarps fleshy to leathery;

stones ovoid, not flattened.

2n

= 16.

= 32, 64.

Prunus angustifolia

Prunus lusitanica

Phenology Flowering Feb–Apr; fruiting May–Aug. Flowering May–Jul; fruiting Aug–Nov.
Habitat Thickets, upland sandy soil, open woods, sand dunes, fence rows, pastures, roadsides, stream bottoms Disturbed sites, thickets, urban forests
Elevation 0–600 m (0–2000 ft) 0–400 m (0–1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NM; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; WA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

A naturalized population of Prunus angustifolia in Santa Barbara County, California, has been extirpated.

Prunus angustifolia is one of the more distinctive plum species in North America. The leaves are relatively small, usually folded along their midribs, and have relatively large, reddish orange, conic glands along the margins. When it hybridizes with other plums, the hybrids often have distinctive characteristics and have been named as species more often than hybrids not involving P. angustifolia: P. ×orthosepala Koehne (angustifolia × americana), P. ×slavinii E. J. Palmer ex Rehder (angustifolia × gracilis), P. ×utahensis Koehne (angustifolia × pumila var. besseyi); see also discussion under 42. P. rivularis.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 381. FNA vol. 9, p. 363.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Amygdaleae > Prunus Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Amygdaleae > Prunus
Sibling taxa
P. americana, P. andersonii, P. armeniaca, P. avium, P. caroliniana, P. cerasifera, P. cerasus, P. domestica, P. dulcis, P. emarginata, P. eremophila, P. fasciculata, P. fremontii, P. geniculata, P. glandulosa, P. gracilis, P. havardii, P. hortulana, P. ilicifolia, P. laurocerasus, P. lusitanica, P. mahaleb, P. maritima, P. mexicana, P. minutiflora, P. murrayana, P. myrtifolia, P. nigra, P. padus, P. pensylvanica, P. persica, P. pumila, P. rivularis, P. serotina, P. speciosa, P. spinosa, P. subcordata, P. subhirtella, P. texana, P. tomentosa, P. umbellata, P. virginiana, P. yedoensis
P. americana, P. andersonii, P. angustifolia, P. armeniaca, P. avium, P. caroliniana, P. cerasifera, P. cerasus, P. domestica, P. dulcis, P. emarginata, P. eremophila, P. fasciculata, P. fremontii, P. geniculata, P. glandulosa, P. gracilis, P. havardii, P. hortulana, P. ilicifolia, P. laurocerasus, P. mahaleb, P. maritima, P. mexicana, P. minutiflora, P. murrayana, P. myrtifolia, P. nigra, P. padus, P. pensylvanica, P. persica, P. pumila, P. rivularis, P. serotina, P. speciosa, P. spinosa, P. subcordata, P. subhirtella, P. texana, P. tomentosa, P. umbellata, P. virginiana, P. yedoensis
Synonyms P. angustifolia subsp. varians, P. angustifolia var. watsonii
Name authority Marshall: Arbust. Amer., 111. (1785) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 473. (1753)
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