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Argentine screwbean

screw bean, screw bean mesquite, tornillo

Habit Trees or shrubs, 2–10 m. Trunks: 2–3(–4) dm; bark thin flakey.
Stems

puberulent.

Branches

flexuous.

Leaves

stipules modified paired spines, white or gray, 0.2–2 cm, glabrous;

petiole/rachis 0.6–0.8 cm, densely lanate to glabrescent;

pinnae 2(–4), rarely with a terminal leaflet;

leaflets 10–18, opposite, 4–5 mm apart, blades elliptic-oblong, (4–)7–12 × 2–4 mm, base rounded or oblique, margins ciliolate, slightly 1–3-veined basally, apex rounded, obtuse, truncate, or mucronulate, surfaces tomentulose.

Inflorescences

amentlike spikes, 4–6(–8) cm.

Peduncles

1–1.5 cm, lanate.

Flowers

sepals 1 mm, finely tomentose;

petals connate 1/2 their lengths, yellow, red-tipped, 2–3 mm, pubescent;

stamens bright yellow;

filaments 3.5–4 mm, glabrous;

anthers 0.7–1 mm;

ovary stipitate, 1.5–2 mm, densely white-pilose;

style 2 mm, glabrous.

Seeds

tan, reniform-ovoid, 3–3.5 mm.

Variety

ruiziana Burkart (found in Argentina) has fruits to 2 cm longer than var. strombulifera;

plants produce only one or two fruits per inflorescence.

Loments

yellow-tan to dark brown (purple spotted), cylindric, coiled 2 or 3 times with 8–24 close-set spirals, 2.5–5.5 × 0.5–0.6 cm, puberulous to glabrescent.

2n

= 56.

Prosopis strombulifera

Prosopis pubescens

Phenology Flowering Apr–May (or Jul).
Habitat Desert riparian wood­land, along creeks, washes, and river bottoms in saline and alkaline soils.
Elevation 60–1600 m. (200–5200 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
South America (Argentina, Chile) [Introduced, California]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Chihuahua, Sonora)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Fruits of Prosopis pubescens are used as fodder for cattle and the wood as a source of fuel. In Texas, P. pubescens is known from the trans-Pecos and Big Bend regions.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Prosopis Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Prosopis
Sibling taxa
P. glandulosa, P. laevigata, P. pubescens, P. reptans, P. velutina
P. glandulosa, P. laevigata, P. reptans, P. strombulifera, P. velutina
Subordinate taxa
P. strombulifera var. strombulifera
Synonyms Mimosa strombulifera, Acacia strombulifera, Strombocarpa strombulifera P. odorata, Strombocarpa odorata
Name authority (Lamarck) Bentham: J. Bot. (Hooker) 4: 352. (1841) Bentham: London J. Bot. 5: 82. (1846)
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