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Argentine screwbean

honey mesquite

Habit Trees or shrubs, 3–9(–13) m. Trunks: bark thick and shallowly fissured, crooked.
Stems

glabrate to sparsely velutinous.

Branches

arching, shrubby form with flexuous branches.

Leaves

stipules nodal, solitary or paired, yellowish green, 1–4.5 cm, glabrous;

petiole/rachis 1–15 cm;

pinnae 2 or 4;

leaflets 12–48, opposite, 5–18 mm apart, blades linear to oblong or falcate, (15–)20–63 × 1.4–4.5 mm, usually 5–15 times longer than wide, base cuneate, margins sparsely ciliate, veins prominent, apex obtuse or mucronate, surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

amentlike spikes, ascending or drooping, 5–14 cm.

Peduncles

(0.8–)1–3 cm, glabrous.

Flowers

sepals 1 mm, glabrous;

petals connate proximally, cream-yellow, 2.5–3.5 mm, adaxially lanulose;

stamens cream-yellow;

filaments 6–7 mm, glabrous;

anthers 1 mm;

ovary stipitate, 2 mm, villous;

style 4 mm, glabrous.

Seeds

yellow-tan, broadly ellipsoid, 4–5 mm.

Variety

ruiziana Burkart (found in Argentina) has fruits to 2 cm longer than var. strombulifera;

plants produce only one or two fruits per inflorescence.

Loments

pale yellow to tan or tinged with violet, compressed to nearly cylindric, usually straight, rarely subfalcate, 8–20 × 0.7–1.3 cm, glabrous.

Prosopis strombulifera

Prosopis glandulosa

Distribution
from USDA
South America (Argentina, Chile) [Introduced, California]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
sw United States; sc United States; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Shrubs, usually prostrate, rarely erect.
var. prostrata
1. Trees or shrubs, erect.
→ 2
2. Leaflets 12–34, blades 20–60 mm, apices obtuse; spines usually solitary.
var. glandulosa
2. Leaflets 16–48, blades 15–25 mm, apices mucronate; spines usually paired.
var. torreyana
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Prosopis Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Prosopis
Sibling taxa
P. glandulosa, P. laevigata, P. pubescens, P. reptans, P. velutina
P. laevigata, P. pubescens, P. reptans, P. strombulifera, P. velutina
Subordinate taxa
P. strombulifera var. strombulifera
P. glandulosa var. glandulosa, P. glandulosa var. prostrata, P. glandulosa var. torreyana
Synonyms Mimosa strombulifera, Acacia strombulifera, Strombocarpa strombulifera P. chilensis var. glandulosa, P. juliflora var. glandulosa
Name authority (Lamarck) Bentham: J. Bot. (Hooker) 4: 352. (1841) Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 192, plate 2. (1827)
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