Prenanthes alata |
Prenanthes carrii |
|
---|---|---|
western rattlesnake-root, white or western white lettuce, wing-leaf rattlesnakeroot |
Carr's rattlesnakeroot |
|
Habit | Plants 15–80 cm; taproots slender to thickened, tuberous. | Plants 80–150 cm; taproots tuberous, with lateral roots. |
Stems | 1(–10), erect or ascending, green to purple, usually simple, glabrous or glabrate proximally, tomentulose distally. |
erect, simple, glabrous or strigose proximally, tomentose distally. |
Leaves | proximal present at flowering; petioles winged (2–6 cm); blades triangular to irregularly elliptic, 3–25 × 1–7 cm, thin or slightly coriaceous, bases abruptly constricted, truncate to slightly hastate, margins irregularly dentate or coarsely serrate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrate; distal sessile, ovate to lanceolate, reduced. |
proximal usually present at flowering; petiolate (petioles 2.2–3 cm); blades (light green) sagittate to ovate, 13–25 × 7–12 cm, thin, bases attenuate, margins coarsely and irregularly dentate, apices acute to rounded, faces glabrous or lightly setose along veins; distal reduced to bracts. |
Involucres | narrowly campanulate, 10–13 × 5–6 mm. |
cylindric to campanulate, 4–9 × 2–3 mm. |
Florets | 7–16; corollas white to purplish, 9–16 mm. |
9–11; corollas white to creamy, 11.5–13.5 mm. |
Phyllaries | 8, green to dark green, lanceolate, 8–11 mm, margins scarious, apices acute, finely tomentulose. |
8, green to rose, linear-subulate to lanceolate, 9–11 mm, (apices minutely ciliate) faces glabrate (midribs sparingly hispid). |
Calyculi | of 2–3, dark green, lanceolate or subulate bractlets 1–3 mm, glabrous or finely tomentulose. |
of 5–12, linear-subulate to narrowly lanceolate bractlets 2–4 mm, hispid. |
Heads | (10–17) in broad, corymbiform arrays, lateral branches often elongate and overtopping main stems. |
in paniculiform arrays. |
Cypselae | brown to light tan, subcylindric, 4–7 mm, weakly 7–10-ribbed; pappi pale yellow to dull white, 8–10 mm. |
golden yellow to tan, subcylindric, angled to terete, 6–7 mm, prominently 12–15-ribbed; pappi white to tan or yellow, 7–8 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Prenanthes alata |
Prenanthes carrii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | Flowering Aug–Nov. |
Habitat | Stream banks, mountain springs, seeps, cliffs near shore, moist shady places | Rich woodlands, canyons |
Elevation | 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) | 300–900 m (1000–3000 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
|
TX |
Discussion | Prenanthes alata is recognized by its relatively small size, elongate and winged petioles, triangular-hastate leaf blades, heads in broad corymbiform arrays, and dark green, finely tomentulose phyllaries. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Prenanthes carrii is recognized primarily by its relatively tall size and long-petiolate, sagittate proximal and mid-cauline leaves, which are similar to those of P. alata and P. sagittata, species found far to the north. It is known only from the southwestern Edwards Plateau. It is thought to be closely related to P. barbata (J. R. Singhurst et al. 2004). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 266. | FNA vol. 19, p. 268. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Prenanthes | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Prenanthes |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Nabalus alatus, Sonchus hastatus, P. lessingii | |
Name authority | (Hooker) D. Dietrich: Syn. Pl. 4: 1309. (1847) | Singhurst: Sida 21: 187, fig. 2. (2004) |
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