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western rattlesnake-root, white or western white lettuce, wing-leaf rattlesnakeroot

Carr's rattlesnakeroot

Habit Plants 15–80 cm; taproots slender to thickened, tuberous. Plants 80–150 cm; taproots tuberous, with lateral roots.
Stems

1(–10), erect or ascending, green to purple, usually simple, glabrous or glabrate proximally, tomentulose distally.

erect, simple, glabrous or strigose proximally, tomentose distally.

Leaves

proximal present at flowering;

petioles winged (2–6 cm);

blades triangular to irregularly elliptic, 3–25 × 1–7 cm, thin or slightly coriaceous, bases abruptly constricted, truncate to slightly hastate, margins irregularly dentate or coarsely serrate, apices acute to acuminate, faces glabrate;

distal sessile, ovate to lanceolate, reduced.

proximal usually present at flowering; petiolate (petioles 2.2–3 cm);

blades (light green) sagittate to ovate, 13–25 × 7–12 cm, thin, bases attenuate, margins coarsely and irregularly dentate, apices acute to rounded, faces glabrous or lightly setose along veins;

distal reduced to bracts.

Involucres

narrowly campanulate, 10–13 × 5–6 mm.

cylindric to campanulate, 4–9 × 2–3 mm.

Florets

7–16;

corollas white to purplish, 9–16 mm.

9–11;

corollas white to creamy, 11.5–13.5 mm.

Phyllaries

8, green to dark green, lanceolate, 8–11 mm, margins scarious, apices acute, finely tomentulose.

8, green to rose, linear-subulate to lanceolate, 9–11 mm, (apices minutely ciliate) faces glabrate (midribs sparingly hispid).

Calyculi

of 2–3, dark green, lanceolate or subulate bractlets 1–3 mm, glabrous or finely tomentulose.

of 5–12, linear-subulate to narrowly lanceolate bractlets 2–4 mm, hispid.

Heads

(10–17) in broad, corymbiform arrays, lateral branches often elongate and overtopping main stems.

in paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

brown to light tan, subcylindric, 4–7 mm, weakly 7–10-ribbed;

pappi pale yellow to dull white, 8–10 mm.

golden yellow to tan, subcylindric, angled to terete, 6–7 mm, prominently 12–15-ribbed;

pappi white to tan or yellow, 7–8 mm.

2n

= 16.

Prenanthes alata

Prenanthes carrii

Phenology Flowering Jun–Sep. Flowering Aug–Nov.
Habitat Stream banks, mountain springs, seeps, cliffs near shore, moist shady places Rich woodlands, canyons
Elevation 0–1500 m (0–4900 ft) 300–900 m (1000–3000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
TX
Discussion

Prenanthes alata is recognized by its relatively small size, elongate and winged petioles, triangular-hastate leaf blades, heads in broad corymbiform arrays, and dark green, finely tomentulose phyllaries.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Prenanthes carrii is recognized primarily by its relatively tall size and long-petiolate, sagittate proximal and mid-cauline leaves, which are similar to those of P. alata and P. sagittata, species found far to the north. It is known only from the southwestern Edwards Plateau. It is thought to be closely related to P. barbata (J. R. Singhurst et al. 2004).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 266. FNA vol. 19, p. 268.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Prenanthes Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Prenanthes
Sibling taxa
P. alba, P. altissima, P. aspera, P. autumnalis, P. barbata, P. boottii, P. carrii, P. crepidinea, P. racemosa, P. roanensis, P. sagittata, P. serpentaria, P. trifoliolata
P. alata, P. alba, P. altissima, P. aspera, P. autumnalis, P. barbata, P. boottii, P. crepidinea, P. racemosa, P. roanensis, P. sagittata, P. serpentaria, P. trifoliolata
Synonyms Nabalus alatus, Sonchus hastatus, P. lessingii
Name authority (Hooker) D. Dietrich: Syn. Pl. 4: 1309. (1847) Singhurst: Sida 21: 187, fig. 2. (2004)
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