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annual burnet, prairie burnet, western burnet

American burnet, burnet, western burnet

Habit Plants winter-annual or biennial, glabrous; taproots 1–4(–6) dm. Herbs, annual or biennial, 1–10 dm; taprooted.
Stems

1–10+, ascending to erect, freely branched, glabrous or sparsely pubescent.

Leaves

deciduous, basal and cauline (basal usually withering before or at flowering);

stipules persistent, adnate to petiole, those of basal leaves simple, lanceolate, entire, of cauline pectinately divided;

petiole present;

blade oblanceolate to obovate, 2–7 cm, herbaceous, leaflets 3–8 pairs, proximally alternate, subopposite, or opposite, distally subopposite or opposite, broadly elliptic to obovate, margins flat, pectinately pinnatisect (segment margins nearly parallel), faces glabrous.

Inflorescences

terminal, also often axillary to distal leaves, 12–100+-flowered, headlike spikes, cylindric, or subglobose when poorly developed, glabrous or nearly so;

peduncles present, sometimes absent;

bracts absent;

bracteoles present.

Pedicels

absent.

Flowers

1–3 mm diam.;

hypanthium urceolate, compressed at mouth, 1–3 mm, glabrous;

sepals 4, ascending to spreading, ovate, margins scarious;

petals 0;

stamens 2 (and opposite inner sepals) or 4, equal to sepals;

carpel 1, glabrous, styles repeatedly branched, brushlike.

Stamens

(2 or)4.

Fruits

hypanthia ridges extended into thin wings, 0.5 mm wide;

sepals tuberculose-thickened proximally.

achenes, 1, globose, 1.5–2 mm diam., glabrous;

hypanthium persistent, enclosing achenes;

sepals persistent, ascending to spreading.

x

= 7.

Poteridium annuum

Poteridium

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun; fruiting Apr–Jul.
Habitat Sandy and rocky soil, prairies, oak savannas, oak woodlands, disturbed areas (pastures, roadsides), often locally moister sites
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; IA; KS; NY; OK; SC; TX; ON
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North America
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The eastern records (Ontario, Iowa, Massachusetts, New York, and South Carolina) all appear to represent adventives or non-persistent waifs. A record from Maryland (J. B. S. Norton and R. G. Brown 1946) is plausible; no specimen is known to the author.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 2 (2 in the flora).

In North America, Poteridium has, with few exceptions (notably P. A. Rydberg 1908b), been included in Sanguisorba since its segregation by E. Spach. Molecular analyses clarify the distinction of Poteridium from Sanguisorba and bolster the morphologic distinctions (see 25. Sanguisorba for discussion).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Fruits: hypanthia ridges extended into thin wings (0.5 mm wide); sepals tuberculose-thickened proximally; stamens (2 or)4; sc North America (adventive eastward).
P. annuum
1. Fruits: hypanthia ridges rounded, thickened; sepals not thickened proximally; stamens 2(or 4); w North America.
P. occidentale
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 320. FNA vol. 9, p. 319. Author: Alan S. Weakley.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Agrimonieae > Poteridium Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Agrimonieae
Sibling taxa
P. occidentale
Subordinate taxa
P. annuum, P. occidentale
Synonyms Poterium annuum, Sanguisorba annua
Name authority (Nuttall) Spach: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 5: 43. (1846) Spach: Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 3, 5: 43. (1846)
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