Potentilla wheeleri |
Potentilla crantzii |
|
---|---|---|
Kern cinquefoil, Wheeler's cinquefoil |
alpine cinquefoil, potentille de crantz |
|
Habit | Plants tufted to ± matted; caudex branches usually short, stout, sometimes elongate, slender. | |
Stems | 0.2–2.5 dm. |
ascending to erect, 0.5–2(–3) dm, lengths 1.5–3 times basal leaves. |
Basal leaves | palmate, 1.5–9.5 cm; petiole 1–7 cm, long hairs abundant to dense, spreading to appressed, 1–2 mm, weak to stiff, glands ± abundant; leaflets 5, central cuneate-elliptic to obovate, 0.5–2.5 × 0.3–1.5 cm, scarcely to distinctly petiolulate, distal 1/3 of margins evenly incised ± 1/4 to midvein, teeth 2–4(–5) per side, surfaces gray-green, long hairs abundant to dense, 1–1.5 mm, glands ± abundant, sometimes obscured. |
2-ranked, usually palmate, sometimes ternate, 2–10(–15) cm; stipules: apex obtuse to truncate, rarely acute; petiole 0.5–6.5(–10) cm, long hairs usually ± sparse, usually ± ascending, sometimes spreading or appressed, 1–2.5 mm, weak to ± stiff, glands absent or sparse; leaflets 3–5, central obovate, 1.5–3(–3.5) × 0.8–1.5(–2) cm, petiolule 0–1 mm, margins flat, not lobed, distal 1/2–2/3 evenly incised 1/3–1/2 to midvein, teeth 3–4(–5) per side, not secondarily toothed, surfaces similar, green, not glaucous, hairs absent or sparse, rarely common, 0.8–1.5 mm, glands absent or sparse to abundant (fewer adaxially). |
Inflorescences | 1–20-flowered. |
(2–)3–8(–12)-flowered. |
Pedicels | 0.5–1.5 cm. |
straight, 1–3(–4) cm in flower, to 6 cm in fruit. |
Flowers | epicalyx bractlets lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 1–3.5 × 1–1.5 mm; hypanthium 2–4 mm diam.; sepals 2–5 mm, apex ± acute; petals ± paler abaxially, bright yellow adaxially, ± obcordate, 3–6 × 2–5 mm; filaments 1–2 mm, anthers 0.5 mm; carpels ca. 20, styles (1.2–)1.5–2 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets ovate or narrowly ovate, (1.5–)2.5–4 × (0.8–)1–1.3 mm, margins flat; hypanthium 3–4 mm diam.; sepals (3–)4–5(–6) mm, apex broadly acute; petals yellow, 4–7(–9) × 4–8 mm; filaments 1.8–2.2 mm, anthers 0.3–0.6 mm; carpels 30–40, styles columnar-filiform, not papillate-swollen proximally, 1–1.6 mm. |
Achenes | 1–1.5 mm, lightly rugose. |
1.2 mm. |
Short | hairs not well differentiated from long hairs, absent or sparse throughout. |
|
2n | = 42; 28, 35, 49 (Europe). |
|
Potentilla wheeleri |
Potentilla crantzii |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Sep. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Sandy flats, streamsides, lake margins, open conifer woodlands, alpine fellfields | Herb meadows and slopes, usually on calcareous substrates, usually near coast |
Elevation | 1800–3500 m (5900–11500 ft) | 0–1700 m (0–5600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA
|
NL; NU; ON; QC; Greenland; Eurasia [Reportedly introduced in s Australia] |
Discussion | Potentilla wheeleri is found in the southern Sierra Nevada and San Bernardino Mountains of southern California. Compact plants on the summit of Mount San Gorgonio, described by Jepson as var. paupercula, show no consistent difference to justify their taxonomic segregation. Variety viscidula Rydberg has been misapplied to Arizona populations now called P. rhyolitica. Plants identified as P. wheeleri (excluding P. rimicola) from the Sierra San Pedro Mártir (Baja California) stand as a distinct species, P. luteosericea Rydberg (= P. pinetorum Wiggins). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Potentilla crantzii is primarily European, not restricted to coasts as in North America. The nomenclatural history is long and complex (A. Kurtto et al. in J. Jalas et al. 1972+, vol. 13), with P. alpestris and P. maculata in greatest historical use. The name P. ×protea Soják is available for presumed hybrids between P. crantzii and P. hyparctica. The emphasis on two-ranked leaves to distinguish Potentilla crantzii from P. verna follows J. Soják (pers. comm.). Some collections of P. crantzii from Newfoundland approach P. verna in their more elongate caudex branches and shorter stature. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 185. | FNA vol. 9, p. 190. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Subviscosae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Aureae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. wheeleri var. paupercula | Fragaria crantzii, P. alpestris, P. crantzii var. hirta, P. flabellifolia var. hirta, P. langeana, P. maculata |
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 148. (1876) | (Crantz) Beck ex Fritsch: Excursionfl. Oesterreich 295. (1897) |
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