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Mogollon cinquefoil, Navajo cinquefoil

Habit Plants scarcely to ± tufted.
Caudex branches

thick, not columnar, not sheathed with marcescent whole leaves.

Stems

0.2–1.5(–2) dm.

ascending to erect, (0.3–)0.8–2.5(–4.5) dm, lengths (2–)3–5 times basal leaves.

Basal leaves

palmate, rarely ternate, (1–)2–7(–18) cm;

petiole (0.5–)1–5(–11) cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, ± spreading (to ascending), 1–3(–4) mm, ± weak, glands ± abundant;

leaflets (3–)5(–7), central flabellate to obovate-cuneate or oblanceolate, (0.5–)1–3(–8) × 0.5–2 cm, not or ± petiolulate, distal 2/3–3/4 of margins evenly to unevenly incised 1/5–3/4 to midvein, sometimes deeply lobed as well, teeth 2–9 per side (some secondarily toothed as well), surfaces green, long hairs sparse to common, 1–2 mm (late-season leaves and adaxial surfaces sometimes nearly glabrate), glands sparse to abundant.

1.5–12(–20) cm;

petiole 1–7(–15) cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, spreading to ± ascending, rarely loosely appressed, 1–2(–2.5) mm, usually stiff, sometimes weak (subsp. chamissonis), verrucose, short and/or crisped hairs absent or sparse to abundant, cottony hairs absent, glands absent or sparse;

leaflets separate to ± overlapping, central obovate, 1–3.5(–4.5) × 0.5–2(–3) cm, usually petiolulate, petiolule to 5 mm, base cuneate, margins slightly revolute, distal ± 3/4 incised ± 1/2 to midvein, teeth (2–)3–4(–6) per side, ± approximate to distant, surfaces dissimilar, often strongly so, abaxial white to gray, long hairs 0.5–1.8 mm, cottony-crisped hairs ± dense, adaxial green, sometimes grayish green, long hairs sparse to abundant, short-crisped hairs sparse to abundant.

Cauline leaves

(0–)1–2.

Inflorescence(s)

(1–)3–15-flowered.

1–7(–15)-flowered.

Pedicels

0.5–1.5(–2) cm.

1.5–5 cm in flower, to 6(–10) cm in fruit.

Flowers

epicalyx bractlets lanceolate-elliptic, 1.5–3(–5) × 0.5–1.5 mm;

hypanthium 2.5–4 mm diam.;

sepals (2.5–)3–5(–6) mm, apex ± acute;

petals nearly white abaxially, pale yellow adaxially, narrowly obcordate, 3–6(–8) × 2.5–5 mm;

filaments 1.5–2.5 mm, anthers 0.5–1 mm;

carpels 4–12, styles 2–3 mm.

epicalyx bractlets linear-lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic, 2–5(–7) × 0.4–1.2(–1.5) mm, 1/4–1/2 as wide as sepals, margins usually flat, red glands absent or sparse and inconspicuous;

hypanthium 3–5 mm diam.;

sepals 3–6(–8) mm, apex acute;

petals 4–7(–10) × 4–7(–9) mm, ± longer than sepals;

filaments 0.8–1 mm, anthers 0.4 mm;

carpels 28–40, apical hairs absent, styles conic-columnar, strongly papillate-swollen in proximal 1/5–1/3, 1–1.5 mm.

Achenes

1.5–2 mm, ± rugose.

1.1 mm.

Short

hairs well differentiated from long hairs, ± abundant to dense throughout.

Potentilla subviscosa

Potentilla arenosa

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CO; NM
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AB; BC; MB; NT; NU; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

The name Potentilla arenosa is now used for most arctic and subarctic plants previously treated as P. hookeriana or P. nivea subsp. hookeriana (Lehmann) Hiitonen. As noted by J. Soják (1986), the type of P. hookeriana has quinate leaves; that name is now restricted to a Rocky Mountain species in sect. Rubricaules. The arctic and subarctic material was briefly (1989–1999) called P. nivea, as discussed under that species. Because the type of P. nivea var. arenosa and other northern Asian specimens correspond closely to the North American plants, the name P. arenosa is assigned here.

The two subspecies differ only in one character, the petiole hairs, but are largely allopatric. Subspecies arenosa occurs in western and northern Greenland, northern North America (very northern in the east), and northern Asia (and perhaps northeasternmost European Russia); subsp. chamissonis occurs in southern Greenland, northeastern North America (more southern than subsp. arenosa), and northern Europe at least east to the Urals.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaves often notably seasonally dimorphic; leaflets: early-season evenly to unevenly incised 1/2–3/4 to midvein (sometimes deeply lobed as well), teeth 3–7 per side (sometimes secondarily toothed); late-season evenly incised 1/5–1/4 to midvein, teeth 6–9 per side; petioles: long hairs 1–1.5(–3) mm; n Arizona and New Mexico, barely entering Colorado.
var. subviscosa
1. Leaves not notably seasonally dimorphic; leaflets ± evenly incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth 2–4(–6 in late-season) per side; petioles: long hairs 2–3(–4) mm; Santa Catalina and Rincon mountains and Sierra Ancha, se Arizona.
var. ramulosa
1. Petioles with common to abundant short and/or stiff crisped hairs in addition to long verrucose hairs.
subsp. arenosa
1. Petioles with sparse or no short and/or soft crisped hairs in addition to long verrucose hairs.
subsp. chamissonis
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 184. FNA vol. 9, p. 200.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Subviscosae Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Niveae
Sibling taxa
P. albiflora, P. ambigens, P. anachoretica, P. angelliae, P. anglica, P. anserina, P. arenosa, P. argentea, P. arizonica, P. basaltica, P. bicrenata, P. biennis, P. biflora, P. bimundorum, P. bipinnatifida, P. brevifolia, P. breweri, P. bruceae, P. brunnescens, P. canadensis, P. concinna, P. cottamii, P. crantzii, P. crebridens, P. crinita, P. cristae, P. demotica, P. drummondii, P. effusa, P. elegans, P. erecta, P. flabellifolia, P. fragiformis, P. furcata, P. glaucophylla, P. gracilis, P. grayi, P. hickmanii, P. hippiana, P. holmgrenii, P. hookeriana, P. hyparctica, P. inclinata, P. intermedia, P. jepsonii, P. johnstonii, P. lasiodonta, P. litoralis, P. macounii, P. millefolia, P. modesta, P. morefieldii, P. multijuga, P. multisecta, P. nana, P. newberryi, P. nivea, P. norvegica, P. ovina, P. paucijuga, P. pedersenii, P. pensylvanica, P. plattensis, P. pseudosericea, P. pulchella, P. pulcherrima, P. recta, P. reptans, P. rhyolitica, P. rimicola, P. rivalis, P. robbinsiana, P. rubella, P. rubricaulis, P. sanguinea, P. saximontana, P. sierrae-blancae, P. simplex, P. sterilis, P. stipularis, P. subgorodkovii, P. subjuga, P. subvahliana, P. supina, P. thurberi, P. thuringiaca, P. tikhomirovii, P. townsendii, P. uliginosa, P. uschakovii, P. vahliana, P. verna, P. versicolor, P. villosa, P. villosula, P. vulcanicola, P. wheeleri
P. albiflora, P. ambigens, P. anachoretica, P. angelliae, P. anglica, P. anserina, P. argentea, P. arizonica, P. basaltica, P. bicrenata, P. biennis, P. biflora, P. bimundorum, P. bipinnatifida, P. brevifolia, P. breweri, P. bruceae, P. brunnescens, P. canadensis, P. concinna, P. cottamii, P. crantzii, P. crebridens, P. crinita, P. cristae, P. demotica, P. drummondii, P. effusa, P. elegans, P. erecta, P. flabellifolia, P. fragiformis, P. furcata, P. glaucophylla, P. gracilis, P. grayi, P. hickmanii, P. hippiana, P. holmgrenii, P. hookeriana, P. hyparctica, P. inclinata, P. intermedia, P. jepsonii, P. johnstonii, P. lasiodonta, P. litoralis, P. macounii, P. millefolia, P. modesta, P. morefieldii, P. multijuga, P. multisecta, P. nana, P. newberryi, P. nivea, P. norvegica, P. ovina, P. paucijuga, P. pedersenii, P. pensylvanica, P. plattensis, P. pseudosericea, P. pulchella, P. pulcherrima, P. recta, P. reptans, P. rhyolitica, P. rimicola, P. rivalis, P. robbinsiana, P. rubella, P. rubricaulis, P. sanguinea, P. saximontana, P. sierrae-blancae, P. simplex, P. sterilis, P. stipularis, P. subgorodkovii, P. subjuga, P. subvahliana, P. subviscosa, P. supina, P. thurberi, P. thuringiaca, P. tikhomirovii, P. townsendii, P. uliginosa, P. uschakovii, P. vahliana, P. verna, P. versicolor, P. villosa, P. villosula, P. vulcanicola, P. wheeleri
Subordinate taxa
P. subviscosa var. ramulosa, P. subviscosa var. subviscosa
P. arenosa subsp. arenosa, P. arenosa subsp. chamissonis
Synonyms P. nivea var. arenosa
Name authority Greene: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 8: 97. (1881) (Turczaninow) Juzepczuk: in V. L. Komarov et al., Fl. URSS 10: 137. (1941)
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