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Flagstaff cinquefoil

Habit Perennials, ± tufted, not stoloniferous; taproots not fleshy-thickened; vestiture of long, short, crisped, and/or cottony hairs, glands sparse to abundant, rarely reddish.
Stems

ascending to nearly erect, not flagelliform, not rooting at nodes, lateral to persistent basal rosettes, (2–)3–7(–10) dm, lengths (2–)3–5 times basal leaves.

3–7(–10) dm.

Leaves

basal not 2-ranked;

cauline 1–3;

primary leaves palmate to ± subpalmate, (2–)4–15(–30) cm;

petiole: long hairs spreading to weakly appressed, weak to ± stiff, glands sparse to abundant, rarely absent;

leaflets 5–7, on tip or less than distal 1/10 of leaf axis, ± overlapping or not, oblanceolate or oblong to elliptic or obovate, margins flat, distal 1/2 to whole length evenly incised 1/5–1/4 or less to midvein, teeth (0–)4–15(–19) per side, surfaces similar or slightly to strongly dissimilar, abaxial green to white, cottony hairs absent or sparse to dense, adaxial green, not glaucous, long hairs weak to stiff.

Basal leaves

± subpalmate, sometimes palmate, (4–)6–15(–21) cm;

petiole (2–)4–10(–15) cm, long hairs sparse to abundant, spreading to weakly appressed, 0.5–2(–3) mm, weak to ± stiff, glands sparse to abundant;

leaflets (5–)7, on less than distal 1/10 (1–5[–10] mm) of leaf axis, central one 1–6(–7) × 1–2(–3) cm, petiolules 0(–6) mm, distal 1/2–3/4 (sometimes nearly whole), margin incised 1/5 or less to midvein, teeth 4–10(–15) per side, 1–2(–3) mm, teeth apex ± obtuse, surfaces ± similar, abaxial green, straight hairs sparse to abundant, especially on veins, 0.5–1.5 mm, cottony hairs absent, glands ± sparse or absent, adaxial slightly paler green, hairs shorter and sparser.

Cauline leaves

stipules usually entire.

Inflorescences

(4–)10–40(–70)-flowered, cymose, open.

(4–)8–40(–70)-flowered.

Pedicels

straight in fruit, 0.3–4 cm, proximal ± longer than distal.

0.3–2 cm.

Flowers

5-merous;

hypanthium 4–6 mm diam.;

petals dark reddish to reddish orange, ± obcordate, (3.5–)5–10 mm, equal to or longer than sepals, apex retuse;

stamens 20–30;

styles subapical, tapered-filiform, papillate-swollen in proximal 1/5, 2–3.5 mm or less.

epicalyx bractlets lanceolate-elliptic, 3.5–8 × 1–1.5(–2) mm;

sepals 4–8(–10) mm, apex acuminate;

petals dark reddish proximally, reddish orange distally, (3.5–)5–9 × 5–10 mm;

filaments 1.5–2.5 mm, anthers 0.8 mm;

carpels 30–40, styles 2–3 mm.

Achenes

± rugose.

1.5–2 mm, lightly rugose.

Potentilla sect. Rubrae

Potentilla sanguinea

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Moist forest settings in oak and conifer woodlands
Elevation 2100–2200 m (6900–7200 ft)
Distribution
sw United States; Mexico; Asia
from FNA
AZ
Discussion

Species 9 (2 in the flora).

Red petals distinguish species of sect. Rubrae from the remaining species assigned here to Potentilla. Most species in the section occur in Mexico. As traditionally defined, sect. Rubrae also includes the southeastern Asian species P. atrosanguinea Loddiges, G. Loddiges & W. Loddiges (3 leaflets), P. argyrophylla Wallich ex Lehmann (3 leaflets), and P. nepalensis Hooker (5 leaflets). The first is available in the horticultural trade and was reported in a strawberry field in New Brunswick, Canada (B. Boivin 1966b; H. J. Scoggan 1978–1979, part 3); it did not become naturalized. The name P. argyrophylla var. atrosanguinea (Loddiges, G. Loddiges & W. Loddiges) Hooker f., used in the Flora of China (Li C.-L. et al. 2003c) is incorrect; P. argyophylla (1831) is a name later than P. atrosanguinea (1823).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Of conservation concern.

Potentilla sanguinea is known only from south and east of Flagstaff, Coconino County. The species may be a hybrid between P. thurberi var. thurberi and P. hippiana or another member of sect. Leucophyllae that occurs sympatrically.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Basal leaves palmate; leaflets 5(–7), distal 3/4 to whole margin incised, surfaces slightly to strongly dissimilar; petals ± dark reddish throughout; cauline leaves: stipules usually toothed, sometimes entire; widespread, Arizona, New Mexico.
P. thurberi
1. Basal leaves usually ± subpalmate, sometimes palmate; leaflets (5–)7, distal 1/2–3/4 (sometimes nearly whole) margin incised, surfaces ± similar; petals dark reddish proximally, reddish orange distally; cauline leaves: stipules usually entire; Coconino County, Arizona.
P. sanguinea
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 148. Authors: Barbara Ertter, James L. Reveal. FNA vol. 9, p. 149.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Rubrae
Sibling taxa
P. albiflora, P. ambigens, P. anachoretica, P. angelliae, P. anglica, P. anserina, P. arenosa, P. argentea, P. arizonica, P. basaltica, P. bicrenata, P. biennis, P. biflora, P. bimundorum, P. bipinnatifida, P. brevifolia, P. breweri, P. bruceae, P. brunnescens, P. canadensis, P. concinna, P. cottamii, P. crantzii, P. crebridens, P. crinita, P. cristae, P. demotica, P. drummondii, P. effusa, P. elegans, P. erecta, P. flabellifolia, P. fragiformis, P. furcata, P. glaucophylla, P. gracilis, P. grayi, P. hickmanii, P. hippiana, P. holmgrenii, P. hookeriana, P. hyparctica, P. inclinata, P. intermedia, P. jepsonii, P. johnstonii, P. lasiodonta, P. litoralis, P. macounii, P. millefolia, P. modesta, P. morefieldii, P. multijuga, P. multisecta, P. nana, P. newberryi, P. nivea, P. norvegica, P. ovina, P. paucijuga, P. pedersenii, P. pensylvanica, P. plattensis, P. pseudosericea, P. pulchella, P. pulcherrima, P. recta, P. reptans, P. rhyolitica, P. rimicola, P. rivalis, P. robbinsiana, P. rubella, P. rubricaulis, P. saximontana, P. sierrae-blancae, P. simplex, P. sterilis, P. stipularis, P. subgorodkovii, P. subjuga, P. subvahliana, P. subviscosa, P. supina, P. thurberi, P. thuringiaca, P. tikhomirovii, P. townsendii, P. uliginosa, P. uschakovii, P. vahliana, P. verna, P. versicolor, P. villosa, P. villosula, P. vulcanicola, P. wheeleri
Subordinate taxa
P. sanguinea, P. thurberi
Synonyms P. unranked Rubrae, P. section Haematochrus, P. unranked Haematochrus, P. section Haematochrus P. thurberi var. sanguinea
Name authority (Rydberg) O. Stevens: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 22(7): 11. (1959) Rydberg: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 22: 324. (1908)
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